diff --git a/docs/help/testing.md b/docs/help/testing.md
index c7b012fa725..800255e9489 100644
--- a/docs/help/testing.md
+++ b/docs/help/testing.md
@@ -172,6 +172,10 @@ runs the same lanes before release approval.
   - Use `--platform macos`, `--platform windows`, or `--platform linux` while
     iterating on one guest. Use `--json` for the summary artifact path and
     per-lane status.
+  - The OpenAI lane uses `openai/gpt-5.5` for the live agent-turn proof by
+    default. Pass `--model <provider/model>` or set
+    `OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_OPENAI_MODEL` when deliberately validating another
+    OpenAI model.
   - Wrap long local runs in a host timeout so Parallels transport stalls cannot
     consume the rest of the testing window:
 
diff --git a/scripts/e2e/parallels-linux-smoke.sh b/scripts/e2e/parallels-linux-smoke.sh
index 2d6837c26c4..4b0712a24be 100644
--- a/scripts/e2e/parallels-linux-smoke.sh
+++ b/scripts/e2e/parallels-linux-smoke.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ API_KEY_ENV=""
 AUTH_CHOICE=""
 AUTH_KEY_FLAG=""
 MODEL_ID=""
+MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT=0
 INSTALL_URL="https://openclaw.ai/install.sh"
 HOST_PORT="18427"
 HOST_PORT_EXPLICIT=0
@@ -103,6 +104,8 @@ Options:
   --mode <fresh|upgrade|both>
   --provider <openai|anthropic|minimax>
                              Provider auth/model lane. Default: openai
+  --model <provider/model>    Override the model used for the agent-turn smoke.
+                             Default: openai/gpt-5.5 for the OpenAI lane
   --api-key-env <var>        Host env var name for provider API key.
                              Default: OPENAI_API_KEY for openai, ANTHROPIC_API_KEY for anthropic
   --openai-api-key-env <var> Alias for --api-key-env (backward compatible)
@@ -142,6 +145,11 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
       PROVIDER="$2"
       shift 2
       ;;
+    --model)
+      MODEL_ID="$2"
+      MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT=1
+      shift 2
+      ;;
     --api-key-env|--openai-api-key-env)
       API_KEY_ENV="$2"
       shift 2
@@ -200,19 +208,19 @@ case "$PROVIDER" in
   openai)
     AUTH_CHOICE="openai-api-key"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="openai-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="openai/gpt-5.5"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_OPENAI_MODEL:-openai/gpt-5.5}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="OPENAI_API_KEY"
     ;;
   anthropic)
     AUTH_CHOICE="apiKey"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="anthropic-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-6"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_ANTHROPIC_MODEL:-anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-6}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"
     ;;
   minimax)
     AUTH_CHOICE="minimax-global-api"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="minimax-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="minimax/MiniMax-M2.7"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_MINIMAX_MODEL:-minimax/MiniMax-M2.7}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="MINIMAX_API_KEY"
     ;;
   *)
@@ -764,13 +772,38 @@ verify_gateway_status() {
   return 1
 }
 
+prepare_agent_workspace() {
+  guest_exec /bin/sh -lc 'set -eu
+workspace="${OPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR:-$HOME/.openclaw/workspace}"
+mkdir -p "$workspace/.openclaw"
+cat > "$workspace/IDENTITY.md" <<'"'"'IDENTITY_EOF'"'"'
+# Identity
+
+- Name: OpenClaw
+- Purpose: Parallels Linux smoke test assistant.
+IDENTITY_EOF
+cat > "$workspace/.openclaw/workspace-state.json" <<'"'"'STATE_EOF'"'"'
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "setupCompletedAt": "2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"
+}
+STATE_EOF
+rm -f "$workspace/BOOTSTRAP.md"'
+}
+
 verify_local_turn() {
   guest_exec openclaw models set "$MODEL_ID"
-  guest_exec /usr/bin/env "$API_KEY_ENV=$API_KEY_VALUE" openclaw agent \
-    --local \
-    --agent main \
-    --message ping \
-    --json
+  guest_exec openclaw config set agents.defaults.skipBootstrap true --strict-json
+  prepare_agent_workspace
+  guest_exec /bin/sh -lc "$(cat <<EOF
+exec /usr/bin/env $(shell_quote "$API_KEY_ENV=$API_KEY_VALUE") openclaw agent \
+  --local \
+  --agent main \
+  --session-id parallels-linux-smoke \
+  --message $(shell_quote "Reply with exact ASCII text OK only.") \
+  --json
+EOF
+)"
 }
 
 phase_log_path() {
diff --git a/scripts/e2e/parallels-macos-smoke.sh b/scripts/e2e/parallels-macos-smoke.sh
index ca34d0945e0..9659ed3eac9 100644
--- a/scripts/e2e/parallels-macos-smoke.sh
+++ b/scripts/e2e/parallels-macos-smoke.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ API_KEY_ENV=""
 AUTH_CHOICE=""
 AUTH_KEY_FLAG=""
 MODEL_ID=""
+MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT=0
 INSTALL_URL="https://openclaw.ai/install.sh"
 HOST_PORT="18425"
 HOST_PORT_EXPLICIT=0
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ TIMEOUT_UPDATE_DEV_S="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_MACOS_UPDATE_DEV_TIMEOUT_S:-1200}"
 TIMEOUT_VERIFY_S=60
 TIMEOUT_ONBOARD_S=180
 TIMEOUT_GATEWAY_S=180
-TIMEOUT_AGENT_S=240
+TIMEOUT_AGENT_S="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_MACOS_AGENT_TIMEOUT_S:-240}"
 TIMEOUT_PERMISSION_S=60
 TIMEOUT_DASHBOARD_S=180
 TIMEOUT_SNAPSHOT_S=360
@@ -142,6 +143,8 @@ Options:
                              both    = run both lanes
   --provider <openai|anthropic|minimax>
                              Provider auth/model lane. Default: openai
+  --model <provider/model>    Override the model used for the agent-turn smoke.
+                             Default: openai/gpt-5.5 for the OpenAI lane
   --api-key-env <var>        Host env var name for provider API key.
                              Default: OPENAI_API_KEY for openai, ANTHROPIC_API_KEY for anthropic
   --openai-api-key-env <var> Alias for --api-key-env (backward compatible)
@@ -184,6 +187,11 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
       PROVIDER="$2"
       shift 2
       ;;
+    --model)
+      MODEL_ID="$2"
+      MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT=1
+      shift 2
+      ;;
     --api-key-env|--openai-api-key-env)
       API_KEY_ENV="$2"
       shift 2
@@ -258,19 +266,19 @@ case "$PROVIDER" in
   openai)
     AUTH_CHOICE="openai-api-key"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="openai-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="openai/gpt-5.5"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_OPENAI_MODEL:-openai/gpt-5.5}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="OPENAI_API_KEY"
     ;;
   anthropic)
     AUTH_CHOICE="apiKey"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="anthropic-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-6"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_ANTHROPIC_MODEL:-anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-6}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"
     ;;
   minimax)
     AUTH_CHOICE="minimax-global-api"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="minimax-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="minimax/MiniMax-M2.7"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_MINIMAX_MODEL:-minimax/MiniMax-M2.7}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="MINIMAX_API_KEY"
     ;;
   *)
@@ -1474,11 +1482,28 @@ show_gateway_status_compat() {
 
 verify_turn() {
   guest_current_user_exec "$GUEST_NODE_BIN" "$GUEST_OPENCLAW_ENTRY" models set "$MODEL_ID"
+  guest_current_user_exec "$GUEST_NODE_BIN" "$GUEST_OPENCLAW_ENTRY" config set agents.defaults.skipBootstrap true --strict-json
   guest_current_user_sh "$(cat <<EOF
 export PATH=$(shell_quote "$GUEST_EXEC_PATH")
+workspace="\${OPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR:-\$HOME/.openclaw/workspace}"
+mkdir -p "\$workspace/.openclaw"
+cat > "\$workspace/IDENTITY.md" <<'IDENTITY_EOF'
+# Identity
+
+- Name: OpenClaw
+- Purpose: Parallels macOS smoke test assistant.
+IDENTITY_EOF
+cat > "\$workspace/.openclaw/workspace-state.json" <<'STATE_EOF'
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "setupCompletedAt": "2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"
+}
+STATE_EOF
+rm -f "\$workspace/BOOTSTRAP.md"
 exec /usr/bin/env $(shell_quote "$API_KEY_ENV=$API_KEY_VALUE") \
   $(shell_quote "$GUEST_NODE_BIN") $(shell_quote "$GUEST_OPENCLAW_ENTRY") agent \
   --agent main \
+  --session-id parallels-macos-smoke \
   --message $(shell_quote "Reply with exact ASCII text OK only.") \
   --json
 EOF
diff --git a/scripts/e2e/parallels-npm-update-smoke.sh b/scripts/e2e/parallels-npm-update-smoke.sh
index 64566b87d4f..7dfb84e3335 100755
--- a/scripts/e2e/parallels-npm-update-smoke.sh
+++ b/scripts/e2e/parallels-npm-update-smoke.sh
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ API_KEY_ENV=""
 AUTH_CHOICE=""
 AUTH_KEY_FLAG=""
 MODEL_ID=""
+MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT=0
 PYTHON_BIN="${PYTHON_BIN:-}"
 PACKAGE_SPEC=""
 UPDATE_TARGET=""
@@ -120,6 +121,8 @@ Options:
                              Default: all
   --provider <openai|anthropic|minimax>
                              Provider auth/model lane. Default: openai
+  --model <provider/model>    Override the model used for agent-turn smoke checks.
+                             Default: openai/gpt-5.5 for the OpenAI lane
   --api-key-env <var>        Host env var name for provider API key.
                              Default: OPENAI_API_KEY for openai, ANTHROPIC_API_KEY for anthropic
   --openai-api-key-env <var> Alias for --api-key-env (backward compatible)
@@ -149,6 +152,11 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
       PROVIDER="$2"
       shift 2
       ;;
+    --model)
+      MODEL_ID="$2"
+      MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT=1
+      shift 2
+      ;;
     --api-key-env|--openai-api-key-env)
       API_KEY_ENV="$2"
       shift 2
@@ -206,19 +214,19 @@ case "$PROVIDER" in
   openai)
     AUTH_CHOICE="openai-api-key"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="openai-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="openai/gpt-5.5"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_OPENAI_MODEL:-openai/gpt-5.5}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="OPENAI_API_KEY"
     ;;
   anthropic)
     AUTH_CHOICE="apiKey"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="anthropic-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-6"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_ANTHROPIC_MODEL:-anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-6}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"
     ;;
   minimax)
     AUTH_CHOICE="minimax-global-api"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="minimax-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="minimax/MiniMax-M2.7"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_MINIMAX_MODEL:-minimax/MiniMax-M2.7}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="MINIMAX_API_KEY"
     ;;
   *)
@@ -1104,7 +1112,8 @@ cat > "\$workspace/.openclaw/workspace-state.json" <<'STATE_EOF'
 }
 STATE_EOF
 rm -f "\$workspace/BOOTSTRAP.md"
-/opt/homebrew/bin/openclaw models set "$MODEL_ID"
+  /opt/homebrew/bin/openclaw models set "$MODEL_ID"
+  /opt/homebrew/bin/openclaw config set agents.defaults.skipBootstrap true --strict-json
 /opt/homebrew/bin/openclaw agent --agent main --session-id "parallels-npm-update-macos-transport-recovery-$expected_needle" --message "Reply with exact ASCII text OK only." --json
 EOF
   macos_desktop_user_exec /bin/bash "$script_path"
@@ -1235,7 +1244,8 @@ if (-not \$gatewayReady) {
 \$providerBytes = [Convert]::FromBase64String('$provider_key_b64')
 \$providerValue = [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString(\$providerBytes)
 Set-Item -Path ('Env:' + '$API_KEY_ENV') -Value \$providerValue
-& \$openclaw models set '$MODEL_ID'
+  & \$openclaw models set '$MODEL_ID'
+  & \$openclaw config set agents.defaults.skipBootstrap true --strict-json
 \$workspace = \$env:OPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR
 if (-not \$workspace) {
   \$workspace = Join-Path \$env:USERPROFILE '.openclaw\\workspace'
@@ -1692,7 +1702,8 @@ if [ -n "$expected_needle" ]; then
   esac
 fi
 /opt/homebrew/bin/openclaw update status --json
-/opt/homebrew/bin/openclaw models set "$MODEL_ID"
+  /opt/homebrew/bin/openclaw models set "$MODEL_ID"
+  /opt/homebrew/bin/openclaw config set agents.defaults.skipBootstrap true --strict-json
 # Same-guest npm upgrades can leave launchd holding the old gateway process or
 # module graph briefly; wait for a fresh RPC-ready restart before the agent turn.
 # Fresh npm installs may not have a launchd service yet, so fall back to the
@@ -1826,6 +1837,7 @@ if [ -n "$expected_needle" ]; then
 fi
 openclaw update status --json
 openclaw models set "$MODEL_ID"
+openclaw config set agents.defaults.skipBootstrap true --strict-json
 workspace="\${OPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR:-\$HOME/.openclaw/workspace}"
 mkdir -p "\$workspace/.openclaw"
 cat > "\$workspace/IDENTITY.md" <<'IDENTITY_EOF'
@@ -1911,6 +1923,7 @@ if platform_enabled macos; then
   bash "$ROOT_DIR/scripts/e2e/parallels-macos-smoke.sh" \
     --mode fresh \
     --provider "$PROVIDER" \
+    --model "$MODEL_ID" \
     --api-key-env "$API_KEY_ENV" \
     --target-package-spec "$PACKAGE_SPEC" \
     --json >"$RUN_DIR/macos-fresh.log" 2>&1 &
@@ -1922,6 +1935,7 @@ if platform_enabled windows; then
   bash "$ROOT_DIR/scripts/e2e/parallels-windows-smoke.sh" \
     --mode fresh \
     --provider "$PROVIDER" \
+    --model "$MODEL_ID" \
     --api-key-env "$API_KEY_ENV" \
     --target-package-spec "$PACKAGE_SPEC" \
     --json >"$RUN_DIR/windows-fresh.log" 2>&1 &
@@ -1933,6 +1947,7 @@ if platform_enabled linux; then
   bash "$ROOT_DIR/scripts/e2e/parallels-linux-smoke.sh" \
     --mode fresh \
     --provider "$PROVIDER" \
+    --model "$MODEL_ID" \
     --api-key-env "$API_KEY_ENV" \
     --target-package-spec "$PACKAGE_SPEC" \
     --json >"$RUN_DIR/linux-fresh.log" 2>&1 &
diff --git a/scripts/e2e/parallels-windows-smoke.sh b/scripts/e2e/parallels-windows-smoke.sh
index a7799cd3e86..63088e20709 100644
--- a/scripts/e2e/parallels-windows-smoke.sh
+++ b/scripts/e2e/parallels-windows-smoke.sh
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ API_KEY_ENV=""
 AUTH_CHOICE=""
 AUTH_KEY_FLAG=""
 MODEL_ID=""
+MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT=0
 INSTALL_URL="https://openclaw.ai/install.ps1"
 HOST_PORT="18426"
 HOST_PORT_EXPLICIT=0
@@ -138,6 +139,8 @@ Options:
   --mode <fresh|upgrade|both>
   --provider <openai|anthropic|minimax>
                              Provider auth/model lane. Default: openai
+  --model <provider/model>    Override the model used for the agent-turn smoke.
+                             Default: openai/gpt-5.5 for the OpenAI lane
   --api-key-env <var>        Host env var name for provider API key.
                              Default: OPENAI_API_KEY for openai, ANTHROPIC_API_KEY for anthropic
   --openai-api-key-env <var> Alias for --api-key-env (backward compatible)
@@ -183,6 +186,11 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
       PROVIDER="$2"
       shift 2
       ;;
+    --model)
+      MODEL_ID="$2"
+      MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT=1
+      shift 2
+      ;;
     --api-key-env|--openai-api-key-env)
       API_KEY_ENV="$2"
       shift 2
@@ -249,19 +257,19 @@ case "$PROVIDER" in
   openai)
     AUTH_CHOICE="openai-api-key"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="openai-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="openai/gpt-5.5"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_OPENAI_MODEL:-openai/gpt-5.5}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="OPENAI_API_KEY"
     ;;
   anthropic)
     AUTH_CHOICE="apiKey"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="anthropic-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-6"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_ANTHROPIC_MODEL:-anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-6}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"
     ;;
   minimax)
     AUTH_CHOICE="minimax-global-api"
     AUTH_KEY_FLAG="minimax-api-key"
-    MODEL_ID="minimax/MiniMax-M2.7"
+    [[ "$MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT" -eq 1 ]] || MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_MINIMAX_MODEL:-minimax/MiniMax-M2.7}"
     [[ -n "$API_KEY_ENV" ]] || API_KEY_ENV="MINIMAX_API_KEY"
     ;;
   *)
@@ -2367,8 +2375,31 @@ show_gateway_status_compat() {
 
 verify_turn() {
   guest_run_openclaw "" "" models set "$MODEL_ID"
+  guest_run_openclaw "" "" config set agents.defaults.skipBootstrap true --strict-json
+  guest_powershell "$(cat <<'EOF'
+$workspace = $env:OPENCLAW_WORKSPACE_DIR
+if (-not $workspace) {
+  $workspace = Join-Path $env:USERPROFILE '.openclaw\workspace'
+}
+$stateDir = Join-Path $workspace '.openclaw'
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $stateDir -Force | Out-Null
+@'
+# Identity
+
+- Name: OpenClaw
+- Purpose: Parallels Windows smoke test assistant.
+'@ | Set-Content -Path (Join-Path $workspace 'IDENTITY.md') -Encoding UTF8
+@'
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "setupCompletedAt": "2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"
+}
+'@ | Set-Content -Path (Join-Path $stateDir 'workspace-state.json') -Encoding UTF8
+Remove-Item (Join-Path $workspace 'BOOTSTRAP.md') -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+EOF
+)"
   guest_run_openclaw "$API_KEY_ENV" "$API_KEY_VALUE" \
-    agent --agent main --message "Reply with exact ASCII text OK only." --json
+    agent --agent main --session-id parallels-windows-smoke --message "Reply with exact ASCII text OK only." --json
 }
 
 capture_latest_ref_failure() {
diff --git a/test/scripts/parallels-smoke-model.test.ts b/test/scripts/parallels-smoke-model.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ca176796ad2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scripts/parallels-smoke-model.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import { readFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+const OS_SCRIPT_PATHS = [
+  "scripts/e2e/parallels-linux-smoke.sh",
+  "scripts/e2e/parallels-macos-smoke.sh",
+  "scripts/e2e/parallels-windows-smoke.sh",
+];
+const NPM_UPDATE_SCRIPT_PATH = "scripts/e2e/parallels-npm-update-smoke.sh";
+
+describe("Parallels smoke model selection", () => {
+  it("keeps the OpenAI smoke lane on the stable direct API model by default", () => {
+    for (const scriptPath of [...OS_SCRIPT_PATHS, NPM_UPDATE_SCRIPT_PATH]) {
+      const script = readFileSync(scriptPath, "utf8");
+
+      expect(script, scriptPath).toContain(
+        'MODEL_ID="${OPENCLAW_PARALLELS_OPENAI_MODEL:-openai/gpt-5.5}"',
+      );
+      expect(script, scriptPath).toContain("--model <provider/model>");
+      expect(script, scriptPath).toContain("MODEL_ID_EXPLICIT=1");
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("seeds agent workspace state before OS smoke agent turns", () => {
+    for (const scriptPath of OS_SCRIPT_PATHS) {
+      const script = readFileSync(scriptPath, "utf8");
+
+      expect(script, scriptPath).toContain("workspace-state.json");
+      expect(script, scriptPath).toContain("IDENTITY.md");
+      expect(script, scriptPath).toContain("BOOTSTRAP.md");
+      expect(script, scriptPath).toContain("--session-id parallels-");
+      expect(script, scriptPath).toContain("agents.defaults.skipBootstrap true --strict-json");
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("passes aggregate model overrides into each OS fresh lane", () => {
+    const script = readFileSync(NPM_UPDATE_SCRIPT_PATH, "utf8");
+
+    expect(script).toMatch(/parallels-macos-smoke\.sh"[\s\S]*?--model "\$MODEL_ID"/);
+    expect(script).toMatch(/parallels-windows-smoke\.sh"[\s\S]*?--model "\$MODEL_ID"/);
+    expect(script).toMatch(/parallels-linux-smoke\.sh"[\s\S]*?--model "\$MODEL_ID"/);
+  });
+});