Merge pull request #529 from BastilleBSD/fete_nationale_2022

prepare for fete nationale 2022
2022-07-13 21:32:33 -06:00 · 2022-07-13 21:30:04 -06:00 · 2022-07-10 20:23:44 -06:00 · 2022-07-10 20:23:22 -06:00 · 2022-06-20 06:35:02 -05:00 · 2022-06-20 06:30:42 -05:00
51 changed files with 1086 additions and 479 deletions
--- a/.readthedocs.yaml
+++ b/.readthedocs.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+version: 2
+
+sphinx:
+  configuration: docs/conf.py
+
+python:
+  version: 3.7
+  install:
+    - requirements: docs/requirements.txt
--- a/AUTHORS.md
+++ b/AUTHORS.md
@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ Christer Edwards [christer.edwards@gmail.com]
 - Petru T. Garstea
 - Sven R.
 - Tobias Tom
+- Stefano Marinelli
+- Logan Ellis
+- Chuck Tuffli
+- Niketh Murali
+- Eric Borisch
+- Kevet Duncombe

 ### Special thanks
 Software doesn't happen in a vacuum. Thank you to the following people who may
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 BSD 3-Clause License

-Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 All rights reserved.

 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -292,11 +292,11 @@ bootstrapping templates from GitHub or GitLab.
 See `bastille update` to ensure your bootstrapped releases include the latest
 patches.

-** Ubuntu Linux [new since 0.9] **
+**Ubuntu Linux [new since 0.9]**

 The bootstrap process for Linux containers is very different from the BSD process.
 You will need the package debootstrap and some kernel modules for that.
-But don't worry, Bastille will do that for that for you.
+But don't worry, Bastille will do that for you.

 ```shell
 ishmael ~ # bastille bootstrap focal
@@ -735,8 +735,8 @@ After populating `usr/local/` with custom config files that your container will
 use, be sure to include `usr` in the template OVERLAY definition. eg;

 ```shell
-echo "CP etc" >> /usr/local/bastille/templates/username/base/Bastillefile
-echo "CP usr" >> /usr/local/bastille/templates/username/base/Bastillefile
+echo "OVERLAY etc" >> /usr/local/bastille/templates/username/base/Bastillefile
+echo "OVERLAY usr" >> /usr/local/bastille/templates/username/base/Bastillefile
 ```

 The above example will include anything under "etc" and "usr" inside
--- a/5
+++ b/5
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|

    vm_config.ssh.shell = "sh"

-    vm_config.vm.box = "freebsd/FreeBSD-12.1-RELEASE"
-    vm_config.vm.box_version = "2019.11.01"
+    vm_config.vm.box = "freebsd/FreeBSD-13.0-RELEASE"
+    vm_config.vm.box_version = "2021.04.09"

    vm_config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
      vb.name = "bastille"
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|
    end

    vm_config.vm.provision "shell", inline: "cd /vagrant; make install"
+    vm_config.vm.provision "shell", inline: "pkg install -y git-lite"

  end
 end
--- a/docs/chapters/bastilletweet.png
+++ b/docs/chapters/bastilletweet.png
--- a/docs/chapters/installation.rst
+++ b/docs/chapters/installation.rst
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Bastille is available in the official FreeBSD ports tree at
 `sysutils/bastille`. Binary packages available in `quarterly` and `latest`
 repositories.

-Current version is `0.9.20210714`.
+Current version is `0.9.20220714`.

 To install from the FreeBSD package repository:

--- a/docs/chapters/networking.rst
+++ b/docs/chapters/networking.rst
@@ -109,6 +109,18 @@ To define a default route / gateway for all VNET containers define the value in
 This config change will apply the defined gateway to any new containers.
 Existing containers will need to be manually updated.

+Virtual Network (VNET) on External Bridge
+--------------------------------------
+To create a VNET based container and attach it to an external, already existing bridge, use the `-B` option, an IP/netmask and
+external bridge.
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+  bastille create -B azkaban 12.1-RELEASE 192.168.1.50/24 bridge0
+
+Bastille will automagically create the interface, attach it to the specified bridge and connect /
+disconnect containers as they are started and stopped. 
+The bridge needs to be created/enabled before creating and starting the jail.

 Public Network
 ==============
--- a/docs/chapters/subcommands/bootstrap.rst
+++ b/docs/chapters/subcommands/bootstrap.rst
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Releases
 Example
 -------

-To `bootstrap` a release, run the bootstrap sub-command with the
+To `bootstrap` a FreeBSD release, run the bootstrap sub-command with the
 release version as the argument.

 .. code-block:: shell
@@ -30,6 +30,14 @@ release version as the argument.
  ishmael ~ # bastille bootstrap 11.4-RELEASE [update]
  ishmael ~ # bastille bootstrap 12.1-RELEASE

+To `bootstrap` a HardenedBSD release, run the bootstrap sub-command with the
+build version as the argument.
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+  ishmael ~ # bastille bootstrap 13-stable-build-latest
+
+
 This command will ensure the required directory structures are in place and
 download the requested release. For each requested release, `bootstrap` will
 download the base.txz. These files are verified (sha256 via MANIFEST file)
--- a/docs/chapters/targeting.rst
+++ b/docs/chapters/targeting.rst
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Examples: Containers
 | cmd       | ALL    | 'sockstat -4'    | execute `sockstat -4` in ALL containers (ip4 sockets)       |
 +-----------+--------+-----+------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
 | console   | mariadb02    | ---        | console (shell) access to mariadb02                         |
-+----+------+----+---------+------------+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
+----+------+--------+-----+------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
 | pkg       | web01  | 'install nginx'  | install nginx package in web01 container                    |
 +-----------+--------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
 | pkg       | ALL    | upgrade          | upgrade packages in ALL containers                          |
@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ Examples: Containers
 | template  | ALL    | username/base    | apply `username/base` template to ALL containers            |
 +-----------+--------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
 | start     | web02  | ---              | start web02 container                                       |
-+-----------+--------+-----+------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
-| cp | bastion03 | /tmp/resolv.conf-cf etc/resolv.conf | copy host-path to container-path in bastion03|
 +----+------+----+---+------------------+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
+| cp | bastion03 | /tmp/resolv.conf-cf etc/resolv.conf | copy host-path to container-path in bastion03|
+----+------+----+---+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
 | create    | folsom | 12.1-RELEASE 10.17.89.10        | create 12.1 container named `folsom` with IP |
-+-----------+--------+------------------+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
+-----------+--------+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+


 Examples: Releases
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Examples: Releases
 +-----------+--------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
 | update    | 11.4-RELEASE | ---          | update 11.4-RELEASE release                                 |
 +-----------+--------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
-| upgrade   | 11.3-RELEASE | 11.4-RELEASE | update 11.4-RELEASE release                                 |
+| upgrade   | 11.3-RELEASE | 11.4-RELEASE | upgrade 11.3-RELEASE release to 11.4-RELEASE                |
 +-----------+--------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
-| verify    | 11.4-RELEASE | ---          | update 11.4-RELEASE release                                 |
+| verify    | 11.4-RELEASE | ---          | verify 11.4-RELEASE release                                 |
 +-----------+--------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
--- a/docs/chapters/zfs-support.rst
+++ b/docs/chapters/zfs-support.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+ZFS Support
+====================
+.. image:: /images/bastillebsd-twitter-poll.png
+  :width: 400
+  :alt: Alternative text
+
+Bastille 0.4 added initial support for ZFS. ``bastille bootstrap`` and ``bastille create`` will generate ZFS volumes based on settings found in the ``bastille.conf``. This section outlines how to enable and configure Bastille for ZFS.
+
+Two values are required for Bastille to use ZFS. The default values in the ``bastille.conf`` are empty. Populate these two to enable ZFS.
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+  ## ZFS options
+  bastille_zfs_enable=""                                  ## default: ""
+  bastille_zfs_zpool=""                                   ## default: ""
+  bastille_zfs_prefix="bastille"                          ## default: "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/bastille"
+  bastille_prefix="/bastille"                             ## default: "/usr/local/bastille". ${bastille_zfs_prefix} gets mounted here
+  bastille_zfs_options="-o compress=lz4 -o atime=off"     ## default: "-o compress=lz4 -o atime=off"
+
+Example
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+  ishmael ~ # sysrc -f /usr/local/etc/bastille/bastille.conf bastille_zfs_enable=YES
+  ishmael ~ # sysrc -f /usr/local/etc/bastille/bastille.conf bastille_zfs_zpool=ZPOOL_NAME
+
+Replace ``ZPOOL_NAME`` with the zpool you want Bastille to use. Tip: ``zpool list`` and ``zpool status`` will help. 
+If you get 'no pools available' you are likely not using ZFS and can safely ignore these settings.
--- a/docs/conf.py
+++ b/docs/conf.py
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ else:
 # -- Project information -----------------------------------------------------

 project = 'Bastille'
-copyright = '2018-2021, Christer Edwards'
+copyright = '2018-2022, Christer Edwards'
 author = 'Christer Edwards'

 # The short X.Y version
-version = '0.9.20210714'
+version = '0.9.20220714'
 # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags
-release = '0.8.20210714-beta'
+release = '0.9.20220714-beta'


 # -- General configuration ---------------------------------------------------
--- a/docs/index.rst
+++ b/docs/index.rst
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ https://docs.bastillebsd.org.
   chapters/subcommands/index
   chapters/template
   chapters/jail-config
+   chapters/zfs-support

   copyright

--- a/docs/requirements.txt
+++ b/docs/requirements.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+docutils < 0.18
--- a/usr/local/bin/bastille
+++ b/usr/local/bin/bastille
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ bastille_perms_check() {
 bastille_perms_check

 ## version
-BASTILLE_VERSION="0.9.20210714"
+BASTILLE_VERSION="0.9.20220714"

 usage() {
    cat << EOF
@@ -147,14 +147,24 @@ clone|config|cmd|console|convert|cp|edit|htop|limits|mount|pkg|rename|service|st
        shift

        if [ "${TARGET}" = 'ALL' ]; then
-            _JAILS=$(jls name)
+            _JAILS=$(/usr/sbin/jls name)
            JAILS=""
            for _jail in ${_JAILS}; do
-                _JAILPATH=$(jls -j "${_jail}" path)
+                _JAILPATH=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j "${_jail}" path)
                if [ -z ${_JAILPATH##${bastille_jailsdir}*} ]; then
                    JAILS="${JAILS} ${_jail}"
                fi
            done
+        elif [ "${CMD}" = "pkg" ] && [ "${TARGET}" = '-H' ] || [ "${TARGET}" = '--host' ]; then
+            TARGET="${1}"
+            USE_HOST_PKG=1
+            JAILS="${TARGET}"
+            shift
+
+            # Require the target to be running
+            if [ ! "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+                error_exit "[${TARGET}]: Not started. See 'bastille start ${TARGET}'."
+            fi
        elif [ "${CMD}" = 'template' ] && [ "${TARGET}" = '--convert' ]; then
            # This command does not act on a jail, so we are temporarily bypassing the presence/started
            # checks. The command will simply convert a template from hooks to a Bastillefile. -- cwells
@@ -169,18 +179,19 @@ clone|config|cmd|console|convert|cp|edit|htop|limits|mount|pkg|rename|service|st
            case "${CMD}" in
            cmd|console|htop|pkg|service|stop|sysrc|template|top)
                # Require the target to be running. -- cwells
-                if [ ! "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+                if [ ! "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
                    error_exit "[${TARGET}]: Not started. See 'bastille start ${TARGET}'."
                fi
                ;;
            convert|rename)
                # Require the target to be stopped. -- cwells
-                if [ "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+                if [ "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
                    error_exit "${TARGET} is running. See 'bastille stop ${TARGET}'."
                fi
                ;;
            esac
        fi
+        export USE_HOST_PKG
        export TARGET
        export JAILS
    fi
--- a/usr/local/etc/bastille/bastille.conf.sample
+++ b/usr/local/etc/bastille/bastille.conf.sample
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ bastille_sharedir="/usr/local/share/bastille"                         ## default
 bastille_bootstrap_archives="base"                                    ## default: "base"

 ## default timezone
-bastille_tzdata="Etc/UTC"                                             ## default: "Etc/UTC"
+bastille_tzdata=""                                                    ## default: empty to use host's time zone

 ## default jail resolv.conf
 bastille_resolv_conf="/etc/resolv.conf"                               ## default: "/etc/resolv.conf"
@@ -51,10 +51,12 @@ bastille_decompress_gz_options="-k -d -c -v"                          ## default
 bastille_network_loopback="bastille0"                                 ## default: "bastille0"
 bastille_network_shared=""                                            ## default: ""
 bastille_network_gateway=""                                           ## default: ""
+bastille_network_gateway6=""                                          ## default: ""

 ## Default Templates
 bastille_template_base="default/base"                                 ## default: "default/base"
 bastille_template_empty=""                                            ## default: "default/empty"
 bastille_template_thick="default/thick"                               ## default: "default/thick"
+bastille_template_clone="default/clone"                               ## default: "default/clone"
 bastille_template_thin="default/thin"                                 ## default: "default/thin"
 bastille_template_vnet="default/vnet"                                 ## default: "default/vnet"
--- a/usr/local/etc/rc.d/bastille
+++ b/usr/local/etc/rc.d/bastille
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Bastille jail startup script
 #
 # PROVIDE: bastille
-# REQUIRE: LOGIN
+# REQUIRE: NETWORKING
 # KEYWORD: shutdown

 # Add the following to /etc/rc.conf[.local] to enable this service
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/bootstrap.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/bootstrap.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -103,12 +103,11 @@ bootstrap_directories() {
        if [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" = "YES" ];then
            if [ -n "${bastille_zfs_zpool}" ]; then
                zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} -o mountpoint="${bastille_prefix}" "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}"
-                chmod 0750 "${bastille_prefix}"
            fi
        else
            mkdir -p "${bastille_prefix}"
-            chmod 0750 "${bastille_prefix}"
        fi
+        chmod 0750 "${bastille_prefix}"
    fi

    ## ${bastille_backupsdir}
@@ -116,12 +115,11 @@ bootstrap_directories() {
        if [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" = "YES" ];then
            if [ -n "${bastille_zfs_zpool}" ]; then
                zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} -o mountpoint="${bastille_backupsdir}" "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/backups"
-                chmod 0750 "${bastille_backupsdir}"
            fi
        else
            mkdir -p "${bastille_backupsdir}"
-            chmod 0750 "${bastille_backupsdir}"
        fi
+        chmod 0750 "${bastille_backupsdir}"
    fi

    ## ${bastille_cachedir}
@@ -129,19 +127,29 @@ bootstrap_directories() {
        if [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" = "YES" ]; then
            if [ -n "${bastille_zfs_zpool}" ]; then
                zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} -o mountpoint="${bastille_cachedir}" "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/cache"
-                zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} -o mountpoint="${bastille_cachedir}/${RELEASE}" "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/cache/${RELEASE}"
+                # Don't create unused/stale cache/RELEASE directory on Linux jails creation.
+                if [ -z "${NOCACHEDIR}" ]; then
+                    zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} -o mountpoint="${bastille_cachedir}/${RELEASE}" "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/cache/${RELEASE}"
+                fi
            fi
        else
-            mkdir -p "${bastille_cachedir}/${RELEASE}"
+            mkdir -p "${bastille_cachedir}"
+            # Don't create unused/stale cache/RELEASE directory on Linux jails creation.
+            if [ -z "${NOCACHEDIR}" ]; then
+                mkdir -p "${bastille_cachedir}/${RELEASE}"
+            fi
        fi
    ## create subsequent cache/XX.X-RELEASE datasets
    elif [ ! -d "${bastille_cachedir}/${RELEASE}" ]; then
-        if [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" = "YES" ]; then
-            if [ -n "${bastille_zfs_zpool}" ]; then
-                zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} -o mountpoint="${bastille_cachedir}/${RELEASE}" "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/cache/${RELEASE}"
+        # Don't create unused/stale cache/RELEASE directory on Linux jails creation.
+        if [ -z "${NOCACHEDIR}" ]; then
+            if [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" = "YES" ]; then
+                if [ -n "${bastille_zfs_zpool}" ]; then
+                    zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} -o mountpoint="${bastille_cachedir}/${RELEASE}" "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/cache/${RELEASE}"
+                fi
+            else
+                mkdir -p "${bastille_cachedir}/${RELEASE}"
            fi
-        else
-            mkdir -p "${bastille_cachedir}/${RELEASE}"
        fi
    fi

@@ -304,6 +312,102 @@ bootstrap_release() {
    echo
 }

+debootstrap_release() {
+
+    # Make sure to check/bootstrap directories first.
+    NOCACHEDIR=1
+    RELEASE="${DIR_BOOTSTRAP}"
+    bootstrap_directories
+
+    #check and install OS dependencies @hackacad
+    #ToDo: add function 'linux_pre' for sysrc etc.
+
+    required_mods="fdescfs linprocfs linsysfs tmpfs"
+    linuxarc_mods="linux linux64"
+    for _req_kmod in ${required_mods}; do
+        if [ ! "$(sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf -qn ${_req_kmod}_load)" = "YES" ] && \
+            [ ! "$(sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf.local -qn ${_req_kmod}_load)" = "YES" ]; then
+            warn "${_req_kmod} not enabled in /boot/loader.conf, Should I do that for you?  (N|y)"
+            read  answer
+            case "${answer}" in
+                [Nn][Oo]|[Nn]|"")
+                    error_exit "Exiting."
+                    ;;
+                [Yy][Ee][Ss]|[Yy])
+                    # Skip already loaded known modules.
+                    if ! kldstat -m ${_req_kmod} >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+                        info "Loading kernel module: ${_req_kmod}"
+                        kldload -v ${_req_kmod}
+                    fi
+                    info "Persisting module: ${_req_kmod}"
+                    sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf ${_req_kmod}_load=YES
+                ;;
+            esac
+        else
+            # If already set in /boot/loader.conf, check and try to load the module. 
+            if ! kldstat -m ${_req_kmod} >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+                info "Loading kernel module: ${_req_kmod}"
+                kldload -v ${_req_kmod}
+            fi
+        fi
+    done
+
+        # Mandatory Linux modules/rc.
+        for _lin_kmod in ${linuxarc_mods}; do
+            if ! kldstat -n ${_lin_kmod} >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+                info "Loading kernel module: ${_lin_kmod}"
+                kldload -v ${_lin_kmod}
+            fi
+        done
+        if [ ! "$(sysrc -qn linux_enable)" = "YES" ] && \
+            [ ! "$(sysrc -f /etc/rc.conf.local -qn linux_enable)" = "YES" ]; then
+            sysrc linux_enable=YES
+        fi
+
+    if ! which -s debootstrap; then
+        warn "Debootstrap not found. Should it be installed? (N|y)"
+        read  answer
+        case $answer in
+            [Nn][Oo]|[Nn]|"")
+                error_exit "Exiting. You need to install debootstap before boostrapping a Linux jail."
+                ;;
+            [Yy][Ee][Ss]|[Yy])
+                pkg install -y debootstrap
+                ;;
+        esac
+    fi
+
+    # Fetch the Linux flavor
+    info "Bootstrapping ${PLATFORM_OS} distfiles..."
+    if ! debootstrap --foreign --arch=${ARCH_BOOTSTRAP} --no-check-gpg ${LINUX_FLAVOR} "${bastille_releasesdir}"/${DIR_BOOTSTRAP}; then
+        ## perform cleanup only for stale/empty directories on failure
+        if [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" = "YES" ]; then
+            if [ -n "${bastille_zfs_zpool}" ]; then
+                if [ ! "$(ls -A "${bastille_releasesdir}/${DIR_BOOTSTRAP}")" ]; then
+                    zfs destroy "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/releases/${DIR_BOOTSTRAP}"
+                fi
+            fi
+        fi
+        if [ -d "${bastille_releasesdir}/${DIR_BOOTSTRAP}" ]; then
+            if [ ! "$(ls -A "${bastille_releasesdir}/${DIR_BOOTSTRAP}")" ]; then
+                rm -rf "${bastille_releasesdir:?}/${DIR_BOOTSTRAP}"
+            fi
+        fi
+        error_exit "Bootstrap failed."
+    fi
+
+    case "${LINUX_FLAVOR}" in
+        bionic|stretch|buster|bullseye)
+        info "Increasing APT::Cache-Start"
+        echo "APT::Cache-Start 251658240;" > "${bastille_releasesdir}"/${DIR_BOOTSTRAP}/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/00aptitude
+        ;;
+    esac
+
+    info "Bootstrap successful."
+    info "See 'bastille --help' for available commands."
+    echo
+}
+
 bootstrap_template() {

    ## ${bastille_templatesdir}
@@ -343,6 +447,16 @@ bootstrap_template() {

 HW_MACHINE=$(sysctl hw.machine | awk '{ print $2 }')
 HW_MACHINE_ARCH=$(sysctl hw.machine_arch | awk '{ print $2 }')
+
+# bootstrapping from aarch64/arm64 Debian or Ubuntu require a different value for ARCH
+# create a new variable
+if [ "${HW_MACHINE_ARCH}" == "aarch64" ]; then
+    HW_MACHINE_ARCH_LINUX="arm64"
+else
+    HW_MACHINE_ARCH_LINUX=${HW_MACHINE_ARCH}
+fi
+
+NOCACHEDIR=
 RELEASE="${1}"
 OPTION="${2}"

@@ -431,86 +545,45 @@ http?://*/*/*)
    ;;
 #adding Ubuntu Bionic as valid "RELEASE" for POC @hackacad
 ubuntu_bionic|bionic|ubuntu-bionic)
-    #check and install OS dependencies @hackacad
-    if [ ! "$(sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf -n linprocfs_load)" = "YES" ] && [ ! "$(sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf -n linsysfs_load)" = "YES" ] && [ ! "$(sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf -n tmpfs_load)" = "YES" ]; then
-        warn "linprocfs_load, linsysfs_load, tmpfs_load not enabled in /boot/loader.conf or linux_enable not active. Should I do that for you?  (N|y)"
-        read  answer
-        case $answer in
-            [Nn][Oo]|[Nn]|"")
-                error_exit "Exiting."
-                ;;
-            [Yy][Ee][Ss]|[Yy])
-                info "Loading modules"
-                kldload linux linux64 linprocfs linsysfs tmpfs
-                info "Persisting modules"
-                sysrc linux_enable=YES
-                sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf linprocfs_load=YES
-                sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf linsysfs_load=YES
-                sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf tmpfs_load=YES
-                ;;
-        esac
-    fi
-    if which -s debootstrap; then
-        debootstrap --foreign --arch=amd64 --no-check-gpg bionic "${bastille_releasesdir}"/Ubuntu_1804
-    else
-        warn "Debootstrap not found. Should it be installed? (N|y)"
-        read  answer
-        case $answer in
-            [Nn][Oo]|[Nn]|"")
-                error_exit "Exiting. You need to install debootstap before boostrapping a Linux jail."
-                ;;
-            [Yy][Ee][Ss]|[Yy])
-                pkg install -y debootstrap
-                debootstrap --foreign --arch=amd64 --no-check-gpg bionic "${bastille_releasesdir}"/Ubuntu_1804
-                ;;
-        esac
-    fi
-    echo "APT::Cache-Start 251658240;" > "${bastille_releasesdir}"/Ubuntu_1804/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/00aptitude
+    PLATFORM_OS="Ubuntu/Linux"
+    LINUX_FLAVOR="bionic"
+    DIR_BOOTSTRAP="Ubuntu_1804"
+    ARCH_BOOTSTRAP=${HW_MACHINE_ARCH_LINUX}
+    debootstrap_release
    ;;
 ubuntu_focal|focal|ubuntu-focal)
-    #check and install OS dependencies @hackacad
-    #ToDo: add function 'linux_pre' for sysrc etc.
-    if [ ! "$(sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf -n linprocfs_load)" = "YES" ] && [ ! "$(sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf -n linsysfs_load)" = "YES" ] && [ ! "$(sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf -n tmpfs_load)" = "YES" ]; then
-        warn "linprocfs_load, linsysfs_load, tmpfs_load not enabled in /boot/loader.conf or linux_enable not active. Should I do that for you?  (N|y)"
-        read  answer
-        case $answer in
-            [Nn][Oo]|[Nn]|"")
-                error_exit "Exiting."
-                ;;
-            [Yy][Ee][Ss]|[Yy])
-                info "Loading modules"
-                kldload linux linux64 linprocfs linsysfs tmpfs
-                info "Persisting modules"
-                sysrc linux_enable=YES
-                sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf linprocfs_load=YES
-                sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf linsysfs_load=YES
-                sysrc -f /boot/loader.conf tmpfs_load=YES
-                ;;
-        esac
-    fi
-    if which -s debootstrap; then
-        debootstrap --foreign --arch=amd64 --no-check-gpg focal "${bastille_releasesdir}"/Ubuntu_2004
-    else
-        warn "Debootstrap not found. Should it be installed? (N|y)"
-        read  answer
-        case $answer in
-            [Nn][Oo]|[Nn]|"")
-                error_exit "Exiting. You need to install debootstap before boostrapping a Linux jail."
-                ;;
-            [Yy][Ee][Ss]|[Yy])
-                pkg install -y debootstrap
-                debootstrap --foreign --arch=amd64 --no-check-gpg focal "${bastille_releasesdir}"/Ubuntu_2004
-                ;;
-        esac
-    fi
+    PLATFORM_OS="Ubuntu/Linux"
+    LINUX_FLAVOR="focal"
+    DIR_BOOTSTRAP="Ubuntu_2004"
+    ARCH_BOOTSTRAP=${HW_MACHINE_ARCH_LINUX}
+    debootstrap_release
+    ;;
+debian_stretch|stretch|debian-stretch)
+    PLATFORM_OS="Debian/Linux"
+    LINUX_FLAVOR="stretch"
+    DIR_BOOTSTRAP="Debian9"
+    ARCH_BOOTSTRAP=${HW_MACHINE_ARCH_LINUX}
+    debootstrap_release
+    ;;
+debian_buster|buster|debian-buster)
+    PLATFORM_OS="Debian/Linux"
+    LINUX_FLAVOR="buster"
+    DIR_BOOTSTRAP="Debian10"
+    ARCH_BOOTSTRAP=${HW_MACHINE_ARCH_LINUX}
+    debootstrap_release
+    ;;
+debian_bullseye|bullseye|debian-bullseye)
+    PLATFORM_OS="Debian/Linux"
+    LINUX_FLAVOR="bullseye"
+    DIR_BOOTSTRAP="Debian11"
+    ARCH_BOOTSTRAP=${HW_MACHINE_ARCH_LINUX}
+    debootstrap_release
    ;;
 *)
    usage
    ;;
 esac

-
-
 case "${OPTION}" in
 update)
    bastille update "${RELEASE}"
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/clone.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/clone.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ update_fstab() {
    # Update fstab to use the new name
    FSTAB_CONFIG="${bastille_jailsdir}/${NEWNAME}/fstab"
    if [ -f "${FSTAB_CONFIG}" ]; then
-        FSTAB_RELEASE=$(grep -owE '([1-9]{2,2})\.[0-9](-RELEASE|-RELEASE-i386|-RC[1-2])|([0-9]{1,2}-stable-build-[0-9]{1,3})|(current-build)-([0-9]{1,3})|(current-BUILD-LATEST)|([0-9]{1,2}-stable-BUILD-LATEST)|(current-BUILD-LATEST)' "${FSTAB_CONFIG}")
+        FSTAB_RELEASE=$(grep -owE '([1-9]{2,2})\.[0-9](-RELEASE|-RELEASE-i386|-RC[1-5]|-BETA[1-5]|-CURRENT)|([0-9]{1,2}(-stable-build-[0-9]{1,3}|-stable-LAST))|(current-build)-([0-9]{1,3})|(current-BUILD-LATEST)|([0-9]{1,2}-stable-BUILD-LATEST)' "${FSTAB_CONFIG}" | uniq)
        FSTAB_CURRENT=$(grep -w ".*/releases/.*/jails/${TARGET}/root/.bastille" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}")
        FSTAB_NEWCONF="${bastille_releasesdir}/${FSTAB_RELEASE} ${bastille_jailsdir}/${NEWNAME}/root/.bastille nullfs ro 0 0"
        if [ -n "${FSTAB_CURRENT}" ] && [ -n "${FSTAB_NEWCONF}" ]; then
@@ -139,6 +139,8 @@ update_fstab() {
                sed -i '' "s|${FSTAB_CURRENT}|${FSTAB_NEWCONF}|" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}"
            fi
        fi
+        # Update additional fstab paths with new jail path
+        sed -i '' "s|${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET}/root/|${bastille_jailsdir}/${NEWNAME}/root/|" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}"
    fi
 }

@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ clone_jail() {
        else
            # Just clone the jail directory
            # Check if container is running
-            if [ -n "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+            if [ -n "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
                error_exit "${TARGET} is running. See 'bastille stop ${TARGET}'."
            fi

--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/cmd.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/cmd.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 # OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

 . /usr/local/share/bastille/common.sh
+. /usr/local/etc/bastille/bastille.conf

 usage() {
    error_exit "Usage: bastille cmd TARGET command"
@@ -45,8 +46,35 @@ if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
    usage
 fi

+COUNT=0
+RETURN=0
+
 for _jail in ${JAILS}; do
+    COUNT=$(($COUNT+1))
    info "[${_jail}]:"
-    jexec -l -U root "${_jail}" "$@"
+
+    if grep -qw "linsysfs" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET}/fstab"; then
+        # Allow executing commands on Linux jails.
+        jexec -l -u root "${_jail}" "$@"
+    else
+        jexec -l -U root "${_jail}" "$@"
+    fi
+
+    ERROR_CODE=$?
+    info "[${_jail}]: ${ERROR_CODE}"
+    
+    if [ "$COUNT" -eq 1 ]; then
+        RETURN=${ERROR_CODE}
+    else 
+        RETURN=$(($RETURN+$ERROR_CODE))
+    fi
+    
    echo
 done
+
+# Check when a command is executed in all running jails. (bastille cmd ALL ...)
+if [ "${COUNT}" -gt 1 ] && [ "${RETURN}" -gt 0 ]; then
+    RETURN=1
+fi
+
+return "${RETURN}"
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/common.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/common.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ enable_color() {
 }

 # If "NO_COLOR" environment variable is present, disable output colors.
-if ! export | grep -q "NO_COLOR"; then
+if [ -z "${NO_COLOR}" ]; then
    enable_color
 fi

@@ -60,3 +60,51 @@ info() {
 warn() {
    echo -e "${COLOR_YELLOW}$*${COLOR_RESET}"
 }
+
+generate_vnet_jail_netblock() {
+    local jail_name="$1"
+    local use_unique_bridge="$2"
+    local external_interface="$3"
+    ## determine number of containers + 1
+    ## iterate num and grep all jail configs
+    ## define uniq_epair
+    local jail_list=$(bastille list jails)
+    if [ -n "${jail_list}" ]; then
+        local list_jails_num=$(echo "${jail_list}" | wc -l | awk '{print $1}')
+        local num_range=$((list_jails_num + 1))
+        for _num in $(seq 0 "${num_range}"); do
+            if ! grep -q "e[0-9]b_bastille${_num}" "${bastille_jailsdir}"/*/jail.conf; then
+                if ! grep -q "epair${_num}" "${bastille_jailsdir}"/*/jail.conf; then
+                    local uniq_epair="bastille${_num}"
+                    local uniq_epair_bridge="${_num}"
+                    break
+                fi
+            fi
+        done
+    else
+        local uniq_epair="bastille0"
+        local uniq_epair_bridge="0"
+    fi
+    if [ -n "${use_unique_bridge}" ]; then
+        ## generate bridge config
+        cat <<-EOF
+  vnet;
+  vnet.interface = "e${uniq_epair_bridge}b_${jail_name}";
+  exec.prestart += "ifconfig epair${uniq_epair_bridge} create";
+  exec.prestart += "ifconfig ${external_interface} addm epair${uniq_epair_bridge}a";
+  exec.prestart += "ifconfig epair${uniq_epair_bridge}a up name e${uniq_epair_bridge}a_${jail_name}";
+  exec.prestart += "ifconfig epair${uniq_epair_bridge}b up name e${uniq_epair_bridge}b_${jail_name}";
+  exec.poststop += "ifconfig ${external_interface} deletem e${uniq_epair_bridge}a_${jail_name}";
+  exec.poststop += "ifconfig e${uniq_epair_bridge}a_${jail_name} destroy";
+EOF
+    else
+        ## generate config
+        cat <<-EOF
+  vnet;
+  vnet.interface = e0b_${uniq_epair};
+  exec.prestart += "jib addm ${uniq_epair} ${external_interface}";
+  exec.prestart += "ifconfig e0a_${uniq_epair} description \"vnet host interface for Bastille jail ${jail_name}\"";
+  exec.poststop += "jib destroy ${uniq_epair}";
+EOF
+    fi
+}
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/config.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/config.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/console.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/console.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/convert.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/convert.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/cp.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/cp.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/create.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/create.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -43,13 +43,15 @@ usage() {
    -L | --linux  -- This option is intended for testing with Linux jails, this is considered experimental.
    -T | --thick  -- Creates a thick container, they consume more space as they are self contained and independent.
    -V | --vnet   -- Enables VNET, VNET containers are attached to a virtual bridge interface for connectivity.
+    -C | --clone  -- Creates a clone container, they are duplicates of the base release, consume low space and preserves changing data.
+    -B | --bridge -- Enables VNET, VNET containers are attached to a specified, already existing external bridge.

 EOF
    exit 1
 }

 running_jail() {
-    if [ -n "$(jls name | awk "/^${NAME}$/")" ]; then
+    if [ -n "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${NAME}$/")" ]; then
        error_exit "A running jail matches name."
    elif [ -d "${bastille_jailsdir}/${NAME}" ]; then
        error_exit "Jail: ${NAME} already created."
@@ -113,6 +115,13 @@ validate_netconf() {
 }

 validate_release() {
+    ## ensure the user set the Linux(experimental) option explicitly
+    if [ -n "${UBUNTU}" ]; then
+        if [ -z "${LINUX_JAIL}" ]; then
+            usage
+        fi
+    fi
+
    ## check release name match, else show usage
    if [ -n "${NAME_VERIFY}" ]; then
        RELEASE="${NAME_VERIFY}"
@@ -161,13 +170,12 @@ ${NAME} {
  mount.fstab = ${bastille_jail_fstab};
  path = ${bastille_jail_path};
  devfs_ruleset = 4;
+  enforce_statfs = 1;

  exec.start = '/bin/true';
  exec.stop = '/bin/true';
  persist;

-  mount.devfs;
-
  allow.mount;
  allow.mount.devfs;

@@ -179,24 +187,7 @@ EOF
 }

 generate_vnet_jail_conf() {
-    ## determine number of containers + 1
-    ## iterate num and grep all jail configs
-    ## define uniq_epair
-    local jail_list=$(bastille list jails)
-    if [ -n "${jail_list}" ]; then
-        local list_jails_num=$(echo "${jail_list}" | wc -l | awk '{print $1}')
-        local num_range=$(expr "${list_jails_num}" + 1)
-        for _num in $(seq 0 "${num_range}"); do
-            if ! grep -q "e0b_bastille${_num}" "${bastille_jailsdir}"/*/jail.conf; then
-                uniq_epair="bastille${_num}"
-                break
-            fi
-        done
-    else
-        uniq_epair="bastille0"
-    fi
-
-    ## generate config
+    NETBLOCK=$(generate_vnet_jail_netblock "$NAME" "${VNET_JAIL_BRIDGE}" "${bastille_jail_conf_interface}")
    cat << EOF > "${bastille_jail_conf}"
 ${NAME} {
  devfs_ruleset = 13;
@@ -211,14 +202,48 @@ ${NAME} {
  path = ${bastille_jail_path};
  securelevel = 2;

-  vnet;
-  vnet.interface = e0b_${uniq_epair};
-  exec.prestart += "jib addm ${uniq_epair} ${bastille_jail_conf_interface}";
-  exec.poststop += "jib destroy ${uniq_epair}";
+${NETBLOCK}
 }
 EOF
 }

+post_create_jail() {
+    # Common config checks and settings.
+
+    # Using relative paths here.
+    # MAKE SURE WE'RE IN THE RIGHT PLACE.
+    cd "${bastille_jail_path}"
+    echo
+
+    if [ ! -f "${bastille_jail_conf}" ]; then
+        if [ -z "${bastille_network_loopback}" ] && [ -n "${bastille_network_shared}" ]; then
+            local bastille_jail_conf_interface=${bastille_network_shared}
+        fi
+        if [ -n "${bastille_network_loopback}" ] && [ -z "${bastille_network_shared}" ]; then
+            local bastille_jail_conf_interface=${bastille_network_loopback}
+        fi
+        if [ -n "${INTERFACE}" ]; then
+            local bastille_jail_conf_interface=${INTERFACE}
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    if [ ! -f "${bastille_jail_fstab}" ]; then
+        if [ -z "${THICK_JAIL}" ] && [ -z "${CLONE_JAIL}" ]; then
+            echo -e "${bastille_releasesdir}/${RELEASE} ${bastille_jail_base} nullfs ro 0 0" > "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
+        else
+            touch "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    # Generate the jail configuration file.
+    if [ -n "${VNET_JAIL}" ]; then
+        generate_vnet_jail_conf
+    else
+        generate_jail_conf
+    fi
+
+}
+
 create_jail() {
    bastille_jail_base="${bastille_jailsdir}/${NAME}/root/.bastille"  ## dir
    bastille_jail_template="${bastille_jailsdir}/${NAME}/root/.template"  ## dir
@@ -233,8 +258,10 @@ create_jail() {
        if [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" = "YES" ]; then
            if [ -n "${bastille_zfs_zpool}" ]; then
                ## create required zfs datasets, mountpoint inherited from system
-                zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}"
-                if [ -z "${THICK_JAIL}" ]; then
+                if [ -z "${CLONE_JAIL}" ]; then
+                    zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}"
+                fi
+                if [ -z "${THICK_JAIL}" ] && [ -z "${CLONE_JAIL}" ]; then
                    zfs create ${bastille_zfs_options} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"
                fi
            fi
@@ -242,8 +269,10 @@ create_jail() {
            mkdir -p "${bastille_jailsdir}/${NAME}/root"
        fi
    fi
+
    ## PoC for Linux jails @hackacad
    if [ -n "${LINUX_JAIL}" ]; then
+        info "\nCreating a linuxjail. This may take a while...\n"
        if [ ! -d "${bastille_jail_base}" ]; then
            mkdir -p "${bastille_jail_base}"
        fi
@@ -255,7 +284,7 @@ create_jail() {
        touch "${bastille_jail_path}/dev/shm"
        touch "${bastille_jail_path}/dev/fd"
        cp -RPf ${bastille_releasesdir}/${RELEASE}/* ${bastille_jail_path}/
-        echo ${NAME} ${bastille_jail_path}/etc/hostname
+        echo "${NAME}" > ${bastille_jail_path}/etc/hostname

        if [ ! -d "${bastille_jail_template}" ]; then
            mkdir -p "${bastille_jail_template}"
@@ -264,14 +293,14 @@ create_jail() {
        if [ ! -f "${bastille_jail_fstab}" ]; then
            touch "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
        fi
-        echo -e "devfs           ${bastille_jail_path}/dev      devfs           rw                      0       0" > "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
-        echo -e "tmpfs           ${bastille_jail_path}/dev/shm  tmpfs           rw,size=1g,mode=1777    0       0" > "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
-        echo -e "fdescfs         ${bastille_jail_path}/dev/fd   fdescfs         rw,linrdlnk             0       0" > "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
-        echo -e "linprocfs       ${bastille_jail_path}/proc     linprocfs       rw                      0       0" > "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
-        echo -e "linsysfs        ${bastille_jail_path}/sys      linsysfs        rw                      0       0" > "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
-        echo -e "/tmp            ${bastille_jail_path}/tmp      nullfs          rw                      0       0" > "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
+        echo -e "devfs           ${bastille_jail_path}/dev      devfs           rw                      0       0" >> "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
+        echo -e "tmpfs           ${bastille_jail_path}/dev/shm  tmpfs           rw,size=1g,mode=1777    0       0" >> "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
+        echo -e "fdescfs         ${bastille_jail_path}/dev/fd   fdescfs         rw,linrdlnk             0       0" >> "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
+        echo -e "linprocfs       ${bastille_jail_path}/proc     linprocfs       rw                      0       0" >> "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
+        echo -e "linsysfs        ${bastille_jail_path}/sys      linsysfs        rw                      0       0" >> "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
+        echo -e "/tmp            ${bastille_jail_path}/tmp      nullfs          rw                      0       0" >> "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
        ## removed temporarely / only for X11 jails? @hackacad
-        #echo -e "/home           ${bastille_jail_path}/home     nullfs          rw                      0       0" > "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
+        #echo -e "/home           ${bastille_jail_path}/home     nullfs          rw                      0       0" >> "${bastille_jail_fstab}"

        if [ ! -f "${bastille_jail_conf}" ]; then
            if [ -z "${bastille_network_loopback}" ] && [ -n "${bastille_network_shared}" ]; then
@@ -287,55 +316,29 @@ create_jail() {
    fi

    if [ -z "${EMPTY_JAIL}" ] && [ -z "${LINUX_JAIL}" ]; then
-        if [ ! -d "${bastille_jail_base}" ]; then
-            mkdir -p "${bastille_jail_base}"
+        if [ -z "${THICK_JAIL}" ] && [ -z "${CLONE_JAIL}" ]; then
+            if [ ! -d "${bastille_jail_base}" ]; then
+                mkdir -p "${bastille_jail_base}"
+            fi
+            if [ ! -d "${bastille_jail_template}" ]; then
+                mkdir -p "${bastille_jail_template}"
+            fi
        fi

        if [ ! -d "${bastille_jail_path}/usr/local" ]; then
            mkdir -p "${bastille_jail_path}/usr/local"
        fi

-        if [ ! -d "${bastille_jail_template}" ]; then
-            mkdir -p "${bastille_jail_template}"
-        fi
+        # Check and apply required settings.
+        post_create_jail

-        if [ ! -f "${bastille_jail_fstab}" ]; then
-            if [ -z "${THICK_JAIL}" ]; then
-                echo -e "${bastille_releasesdir}/${RELEASE} ${bastille_jail_base} nullfs ro 0 0" > "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
-            else
-                touch "${bastille_jail_fstab}"
-            fi
-        fi
-
-        if [ ! -f "${bastille_jail_conf}" ]; then
-            if [ -z "${bastille_network_loopback}" ] && [ -n "${bastille_network_shared}" ]; then
-                local bastille_jail_conf_interface=${bastille_network_shared}
-            fi
-            if [ -n "${bastille_network_loopback}" ] && [ -z "${bastille_network_shared}" ]; then
-                local bastille_jail_conf_interface=${bastille_network_loopback}
-            fi
-            if [ -n "${INTERFACE}" ]; then
-                local bastille_jail_conf_interface=${INTERFACE}
-            fi
-            
-            ## generate the jail configuration file
-            if [ -n "${VNET_JAIL}" ]; then
-                generate_vnet_jail_conf
-            else
-                generate_jail_conf
-            fi
-        fi
-
-        ## using relative paths here
-        ## MAKE SURE WE'RE IN THE RIGHT PLACE
-        cd "${bastille_jail_path}"
-        echo
-
-        if [ -z "${THICK_JAIL}" ]; then
+        if [ -z "${THICK_JAIL}" ] && [ -z "${CLONE_JAIL}" ]; then
            LINK_LIST="bin boot lib libexec rescue sbin usr/bin usr/include usr/lib usr/lib32 usr/libdata usr/libexec usr/sbin usr/share usr/src"
+            info "Creating a thinjail...\n"
            for _link in ${LINK_LIST}; do
                ln -sf /.bastille/${_link} ${_link}
            done
+
            # Properly link shared ports on thin jails in read-write.
            if [ -d "${bastille_releasesdir}/${RELEASE}/usr/ports" ]; then
                if [ ! -d "${bastille_jail_path}/usr/ports" ]; then
@@ -345,7 +348,7 @@ create_jail() {
            fi
        fi

-        if [ -z "${THICK_JAIL}" ]; then
+        if [ -z "${THICK_JAIL}" ] && [ -z "${CLONE_JAIL}" ]; then
            ## rw
            ## copy only required files for thin jails
            FILE_LIST=".cshrc .profile COPYRIGHT dev etc media mnt net proc root tmp var usr/obj usr/tests"
@@ -359,27 +362,40 @@ create_jail() {
                fi
            done
        else
-            info "Creating a thickjail. This may take a while..."
            if [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" = "YES" ]; then
                if [ -n "${bastille_zfs_zpool}" ]; then
-                    ## perform release base replication
+                    if [ -n "${CLONE_JAIL}" ]; then
+                        info "Creating a clonejail...\n"
+                        ## clone the release base to the new basejail
+                        SNAP_NAME="bastille-clone-$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S)"
+                        zfs snapshot "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/releases/${RELEASE}"@"${SNAP_NAME}"

-                    ## sane bastille zfs options
-                    ZFS_OPTIONS=$(echo ${bastille_zfs_options} | sed 's/-o//g')
+                        zfs clone -p "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/releases/${RELEASE}"@"${SNAP_NAME}" \
+                        "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"

-                    ## take a temp snapshot of the base release
-                    SNAP_NAME="bastille-$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S)"
-                    zfs snapshot "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/releases/${RELEASE}"@"${SNAP_NAME}"
+                        # Check and apply required settings.
+                        post_create_jail
+                    elif [ -n "${THICK_JAIL}" ]; then
+                        info "Creating a thickjail. This may take a while...\n"
+                        ## perform release base replication

-                    ## replicate the release base to the new thickjail and set the default mountpoint
-                    zfs send -R "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/releases/${RELEASE}"@"${SNAP_NAME}" | \
-                    zfs receive "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"
-                    zfs set ${ZFS_OPTIONS} mountpoint=none "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"
-                    zfs inherit mountpoint "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"
+                        ## sane bastille zfs options
+                        ZFS_OPTIONS=$(echo ${bastille_zfs_options} | sed 's/-o//g')

-                    ## cleanup temp snapshots initially
-                    zfs destroy "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/releases/${RELEASE}"@"${SNAP_NAME}"
-                    zfs destroy "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"@"${SNAP_NAME}"
+                        ## take a temp snapshot of the base release
+                        SNAP_NAME="bastille-$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S)"
+                        zfs snapshot "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/releases/${RELEASE}"@"${SNAP_NAME}"
+
+                        ## replicate the release base to the new thickjail and set the default mountpoint
+                        zfs send -R "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/releases/${RELEASE}"@"${SNAP_NAME}" | \
+                        zfs receive "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"
+                        zfs set ${ZFS_OPTIONS} mountpoint=none "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"
+                        zfs inherit mountpoint "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"
+
+                        ## cleanup temp snapshots initially
+                        zfs destroy "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/releases/${RELEASE}"@"${SNAP_NAME}"
+                        zfs destroy "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${NAME}/root"@"${SNAP_NAME}"
+                    fi

                    if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then
                        ## notify and clean stale files/directories
@@ -408,8 +424,16 @@ create_jail() {
                ln -s usr/home home
            fi

-            ## TZ: configurable (default: Etc/UTC)
-            ln -s "/usr/share/zoneinfo/${bastille_tzdata}" etc/localtime
+            ## TZ: configurable (default: empty to use host's time zone)
+            if [ -z "${bastille_tzdata}" ]; then
+                # Note that if host has no time zone, FreeBSD assumes UTC anyway
+                if [ -e /etc/localtime ]; then
+                    # uses cp as a way to prevent issues with symlinks if the host happens to use that for tz configuration
+                    cp /etc/localtime etc/localtime
+                fi
+            else
+                ln -s "/usr/share/zoneinfo/${bastille_tzdata}" etc/localtime
+            fi

            # Post-creation jail misc configuration
            # Create a dummy fstab file
@@ -454,6 +478,7 @@ create_jail() {
            uniq_epair=$(grep vnet.interface "${bastille_jailsdir}/${NAME}/jail.conf" | awk '{print $3}' | sed 's/;//')

            _gateway=''
+            _gateway6=''
            _ifconfig=SYNCDHCP
            if [ "${IP}" != "0.0.0.0" ]; then # not using DHCP, so set static address.
                if [ -n "${ip6}" ]; then
@@ -463,6 +488,8 @@ create_jail() {
                fi
                if [ -n "${bastille_network_gateway}" ]; then
                    _gateway="${bastille_network_gateway}"
+                elif [ -n "${bastille_network_gateway6}" ]; then
+                    _gateway6="${bastille_network_gateway6}"
                else
                    if [ -z ${ip6} ]; then
                        _gateway="$(netstat -4rn | awk '/default/ {print $2}')"
@@ -471,12 +498,16 @@ create_jail() {
                    fi
                fi
            fi
-            bastille template "${NAME}" ${bastille_template_vnet} --arg BASE_TEMPLATE="${bastille_template_base}" --arg HOST_RESOLV_CONF="${bastille_resolv_conf}" --arg EPAIR="${uniq_epair}" --arg GATEWAY="${_gateway}" --arg IFCONFIG="${_ifconfig}"
+            bastille template "${NAME}" ${bastille_template_vnet} --arg BASE_TEMPLATE="${bastille_template_base}" --arg HOST_RESOLV_CONF="${bastille_resolv_conf}" --arg EPAIR="${uniq_epair}" --arg GATEWAY="${_gateway}" --arg GATEWAY6="${_gateway6}" --arg IFCONFIG="${_ifconfig}"
        fi
    elif [ -n "${THICK_JAIL}" ]; then
        if [ -n "${bastille_template_thick}" ]; then
            bastille template "${NAME}" ${bastille_template_thick} --arg BASE_TEMPLATE="${bastille_template_base}" --arg HOST_RESOLV_CONF="${bastille_resolv_conf}"
        fi
+    elif [ -n "${CLONE_JAIL}" ]; then
+        if [ -n "${bastille_template_clone}" ]; then
+            bastille template "${NAME}" ${bastille_template_clone} --arg BASE_TEMPLATE="${bastille_template_base}" --arg HOST_RESOLV_CONF="${bastille_resolv_conf}"
+        fi
    elif [ -n "${EMPTY_JAIL}" ]; then
        if [ -n "${bastille_template_empty}" ]; then
            bastille template "${NAME}" ${bastille_template_empty} --arg BASE_TEMPLATE="${bastille_template_base}" --arg HOST_RESOLV_CONF="${bastille_resolv_conf}"
@@ -522,6 +553,7 @@ fi
 ## reset this options
 EMPTY_JAIL=""
 THICK_JAIL=""
+CLONE_JAIL=""
 VNET_JAIL=""
 LINUX_JAIL=""

@@ -544,6 +576,15 @@ while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
            VNET_JAIL="1"
            shift
            ;;
+        -B|--bridge|bridge)
+            VNET_JAIL="1"
+            VNET_JAIL_BRIDGE="1"
+            shift
+            ;;
+        -C|--clone|clone)
+            CLONE_JAIL="1"
+            shift
+            ;;
        -*|--*)
            error_notify "Unknown Option."
            usage
@@ -556,13 +597,15 @@ done

 ## validate for combined options
 if [ -n "${EMPTY_JAIL}" ]; then
-    if [ -n "${THICK_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${VNET_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${LINUX_JAIL}" ]; then
+    if [ -n "${CLONE_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${THICK_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${VNET_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${LINUX_JAIL}" ]; then
        error_exit "Error: Empty jail option can't be used with other options."
    fi
 elif [ -n "${LINUX_JAIL}" ]; then
-    if [ -n "${EMPTY_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${VNET_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${THICK_JAIL}" ]; then
+    if [ -n "${EMPTY_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${VNET_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${THICK_JAIL}" ] || [ -n "${CLONE_JAIL}" ]; then
        error_exit "Error: Linux jail option can't be used with other options."
    fi
+elif [ -n "${CLONE_JAIL}" ] && [ -n "${THICK_JAIL}" ]; then
+    error_exit "Error: Clonejail and Thickjail can't be used together."
 fi

 NAME="$1"
@@ -595,6 +638,18 @@ if [ -n "${LINUX_JAIL}" ]; then
        ## check for FreeBSD releases name
        NAME_VERIFY=ubuntu_focal
        ;;
+    debian_stretch|stretch|debian-stretch)
+        ## check for FreeBSD releases name
+        NAME_VERIFY=stretch
+        ;;
+    debian_buster|buster|debian-buster)
+        ## check for FreeBSD releases name
+        NAME_VERIFY=buster
+        ;;
+    debian_bullseye|bullseye|debian-bullseye)
+        ## check for FreeBSD releases name
+        NAME_VERIFY=bullseye
+        ;;
    *)
        error_notify "Unknown Linux."
        usage
@@ -646,13 +701,27 @@ if [ -z "${EMPTY_JAIL}" ]; then
        validate_release
        ;;
    ubuntu_bionic|bionic|ubuntu-bionic)
+        UBUNTU="1"
        NAME_VERIFY=Ubuntu_1804
        validate_release
        ;;
    ubuntu_focal|focal|ubuntu-focal)
+        UBUNTU="1"
        NAME_VERIFY=Ubuntu_2004
        validate_release
        ;;
+    debian_stretch|stretch|debian-stretch)
+        NAME_VERIFY=Debian9
+        validate_release
+        ;;
+    debian_buster|buster|debian-buster)
+        NAME_VERIFY=Debian10
+        validate_release
+        ;;
+    debian_bullseye|bullseye|debian-bullseye)
+        NAME_VERIFY=Debian11
+        validate_release
+        ;;
    *)
        error_notify "Unknown Release."
        usage
@@ -720,6 +789,9 @@ fi
 if [ -z ${bastille_template_thick+x} ]; then
    bastille_template_thick='default/thick'
 fi
+if [ -z ${bastille_template_clone+x} ]; then
+    bastille_template_clone='default/clone'
+fi
 if [ -z ${bastille_template_thin+x} ]; then
    bastille_template_thin='default/thin'
 fi
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/destroy.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/destroy.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ destroy_jail() {
    bastille_jail_base="${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET}"            ## dir
    bastille_jail_log="${bastille_logsdir}/${TARGET}_console.log"  ## file

-    if [ "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+    if [ "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
        if [ "${FORCE}" = "1" ]; then
            bastille stop "${TARGET}"
        else
@@ -118,6 +118,23 @@ destroy_rel() {
            if grep -qwo "${TARGET}" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/fstab" 2>/dev/null; then
                error_notify "Notice: (${_jail}) depends on ${TARGET} base."
                BASE_HASCHILD="1"
+            elif [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" = "YES" ]; then
+                if [ -n "${bastille_zfs_zpool}" ]; then
+                    ## check if this release have child clones
+                    if zfs list -H -t snapshot -r "${bastille_rel_base}" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+                        SNAP_CLONE=$(zfs list -H -t snapshot -r "${bastille_rel_base}" 2> /dev/null | awk '{print $1}')
+                        for _snap_clone in ${SNAP_CLONE}; do
+                            if zfs list -H -o clones "${_snap_clone}" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+                                CLONE_JAIL=$(zfs list -H -o clones "${_snap_clone}" | tr ',' '\n')
+                                CLONE_CHECK="${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${_jail}/root"
+                                if echo "${CLONE_JAIL}" | grep -qw "${CLONE_CHECK}"; then
+                                    error_notify "Notice: (${_jail}) depends on ${TARGET} base."
+                                    BASE_HASCHILD="1"
+                                fi
+                            fi
+                        done
+                    fi
+                fi
            fi
        done
    fi
@@ -207,27 +224,37 @@ case "${TARGET}" in
    ;;
 *-stable-LAST|*-STABLE-last|*-stable-last|*-STABLE-LAST)
    ## check for HardenedBSD releases name
-    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '^([1-9]{2,2})(-stable-last)$' | sed 's/STABLE/stable/g' | sed 's/last/LAST/g')
+    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '^([1-9]{2,2})(-stable-last)$' | sed 's/STABLE/stable/g;s/last/LAST/g')
    destroy_rel
    ;;
 *-stable-build-[0-9]*|*-STABLE-BUILD-[0-9]*)
    ## check for HardenedBSD(specific stable build releases)
-    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '([0-9]{1,2})(-stable-build)-([0-9]{1,3})$' | sed 's/BUILD/build/g' | sed 's/STABLE/stable/g')
+    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '([0-9]{1,2})(-stable-build)-([0-9]{1,3})$' | sed 's/BUILD/build/g;s/STABLE/stable/g')
    destroy_rel
    ;;
 *-stable-build-latest|*-stable-BUILD-LATEST|*-STABLE-BUILD-LATEST)
    ## check for HardenedBSD(latest stable build release)
-    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '([0-9]{1,2})(-stable-build-latest)$' | sed 's/STABLE/stable/g' | sed 's/build/BUILD/g' | sed 's/latest/LATEST/g')
+    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '([0-9]{1,2})(-stable-build-latest)$' | sed 's/STABLE/stable/;s/build/BUILD/g;s/latest/LATEST/g')
    destroy_rel
    ;;
 current-build-[0-9]*|CURRENT-BUILD-[0-9]*)
    ## check for HardenedBSD(specific current build releases)
-    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '(current-build)-([0-9]{1,3})' | sed 's/BUILD/build/g' | sed 's/CURRENT/current/g')
+    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '(current-build)-([0-9]{1,3})' | sed 's/BUILD/build/g;s/CURRENT/current/g')
    destroy_rel
    ;;
 current-build-latest|current-BUILD-LATEST|CURRENT-BUILD-LATEST)
    ## check for HardenedBSD(latest current build release)
-    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '(current-build-latest)$' | sed 's/CURRENT/current/g' | sed 's/build/BUILD/g' | sed 's/latest/LATEST/g')
+    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '(current-build-latest)$' | sed 's/CURRENT/current/;s/build/BUILD/g;s/latest/LATEST/g')
+    destroy_rel
+    ;;
+Ubuntu_1804|Ubuntu_2004|UBUNTU_1804|UBUNTU_2004)
+    ## check for Linux releases
+    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '(Ubuntu_1804)$|(Ubuntu_2004)$' | sed 's/UBUNTU/Ubuntu/g;s/ubuntu/Ubuntu/g')
+    destroy_rel
+    ;;
+Debian9|Debian10|Debian11|DEBIAN9|DEBIAN10|DEBIAN11)
+    ## check for Linux releases
+    NAME_VERIFY=$(echo "${TARGET}" | grep -iwE '(Debian9)$|(Debian10)$|(Debian11)$' | sed 's/DEBIAN/Debian/g')
    destroy_rel
    ;;
 *)
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/edit.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/edit.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/export.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/export.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ usage() {
    -v | --verbose  -- Be more verbose during the ZFS send operation.
         --xz       -- Export a ZFS jail using XZ(.xz) compressed image.

-Tip: If no option specified, container should be exported to standard output.
+Note: If no export option specified, the container should be redirected to standard output.

 EOF
    exit 1
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ zfs_enable_check() {

 TARGET="${1}"
 GZIP_EXPORT=
+XZ_EXPORT=
 SAFE_EXPORT=
 USER_EXPORT=
 RAW_EXPORT=
@@ -93,67 +94,112 @@ opt_count() {
    COMP_OPTION=$(expr ${COMP_OPTION} + 1)
 }

-# Handle and parse option args
-while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
-    case "${1}" in
-        --gz)
-            GZIP_EXPORT="1"
-            TARGET="${2}"
-            opt_count
-            shift
-            ;;
-        --xz)
-            XZ_EXPORT="1"
-            TARGET="${2}"
-            opt_count
-            shift
-            ;;
-        --tgz)
-            TGZ_EXPORT="1"
-            TARGET="${2}"
-            opt_count
-            zfs_enable_check
-            shift
-            ;;
-        --txz)
-            TXZ_EXPORT="1"
-            TARGET="${2}"
-            opt_count
-            zfs_enable_check
-            shift
-            ;;
-        -s|--safe)
-            SAFE_EXPORT="1"
-            TARGET="${2}"
-            shift
-            ;;
-        -r|--raw)
-            RAW_EXPORT="1"
-            TARGET="${2}"
-            opt_count
-            shift
-            ;;
-        -v|--verbose)
-            OPT_ZSEND="-Rv"
-            TARGET="${2}"
-            shift
-            ;;
-        -*|--*)
-            error_notify "Unknown Option."
-            usage
-            ;;
-        *)
-            if echo "${1}" | grep -q "\/"; then
-                DIR_EXPORT="${1}"
-            else
-                if [ $# -gt 2 ] || [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
-                   usage
+if [ -n "${bastille_export_options}" ]; then
+    # Overrides the case options by the user defined option(s) automatically.
+    # Add bastille_export_options="--optionA --optionB" to bastille.conf, or simply `export bastille_export_options="--optionA --optionB"` environment variable.
+    # To restore the standard case options, empty bastille_export_options="" in bastille.conf, or `unset bastille_export_options` environment variable.
+    # Reference "/bastille/issues/443"
+
+    DEFAULT_EXPORT_OPTS="${bastille_export_options}"
+    info "Default export option(s): '${DEFAULT_EXPORT_OPTS}'"
+
+    for opt in ${DEFAULT_EXPORT_OPTS}; do
+        case "${opt}" in
+            --gz)
+                GZIP_EXPORT="1"
+                opt_count
+                shift;;
+            --xz)
+                XZ_EXPORT="1"
+                opt_count
+                shift;;
+            --tgz)
+                TGZ_EXPORT="1"
+                opt_count
+                zfs_enable_check
+                shift;;
+            --txz)
+                TXZ_EXPORT="1"
+                opt_count
+                zfs_enable_check
+                shift;;
+            --safe)
+                SAFE_EXPORT="1"
+                shift;;
+            --raw)
+                RAW_EXPORT="1"
+                opt_count
+                shift ;;
+            --verbose)
+                OPT_ZSEND="-Rv"
+                shift;;
+            -*|--*) error_notify "Unknown Option."
+                usage;;
+        esac
+    done
+else
+    # Handle and parse option args
+    while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+        case "${1}" in
+            --gz)
+                GZIP_EXPORT="1"
+                TARGET="${2}"
+                opt_count
+                shift
+                ;;
+            --xz)
+                XZ_EXPORT="1"
+                TARGET="${2}"
+                opt_count
+                shift
+                ;;
+            --tgz)
+                TGZ_EXPORT="1"
+                TARGET="${2}"
+                opt_count
+                zfs_enable_check
+                shift
+                ;;
+            --txz)
+                TXZ_EXPORT="1"
+                TARGET="${2}"
+                opt_count
+                zfs_enable_check
+                shift
+                ;;
+            -s|--safe)
+                SAFE_EXPORT="1"
+                TARGET="${2}"
+                shift
+                ;;
+            -r|--raw)
+                RAW_EXPORT="1"
+                TARGET="${2}"
+                opt_count
+                shift
+                ;;
+            -v|--verbose)
+                OPT_ZSEND="-Rv"
+                TARGET="${2}"
+                shift
+                ;;
+            -*|--*)
+                error_notify "Unknown Option."
+                usage
+                ;;
+            *)
+                if echo "${1}" | grep -q "\/"; then
+                    DIR_EXPORT="${1}"
+                else
+                    if [ $# -gt 2 ] || [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
+                       usage
+                    fi
                fi
-            fi
-            shift
-            ;;
-    esac
-done
+                shift
+                ;;
+        esac
+    done
+fi

 # Validate for combined options
 if [ "${COMP_OPTION}" -gt "1" ]; then
@@ -172,7 +218,7 @@ fi

 if [ -n "${SAFE_EXPORT}" ]; then
    # Check if container is running, otherwise just ignore
-    if [ -z "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+    if [ -z "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
        SAFE_EXPORT=
    fi
 fi
@@ -200,19 +246,19 @@ create_zfs_snap() {
    if [ -z "${USER_EXPORT}" ]; then
        info "Creating temporary ZFS snapshot for export..."
    fi
-    zfs snapshot -r "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_export_${DATE}"
+    zfs snapshot -r "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_${TARGET}_${DATE}"
 }

 clean_zfs_snap() {
    # Cleanup the recursive temporary snapshot
-    zfs destroy "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}/root@bastille_export_${DATE}"
-    zfs destroy "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_export_${DATE}"
+    zfs destroy "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}/root@bastille_${TARGET}_${DATE}"
+    zfs destroy "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_${TARGET}_${DATE}"
 }

 export_check() {
    # Inform the user about the exporting method
    if [ -z "${USER_EXPORT}" ]; then
-        if [ -n "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+        if [ -n "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
            if [ -n "${SAFE_EXPORT}" ]; then
                EXPORT_AS="Safely exporting"
            else
@@ -263,7 +309,7 @@ jail_export() {
                export_check

                # Export the raw container recursively and cleanup temporary snapshots
-                zfs send ${OPT_ZSEND} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_export_${DATE}" \
+                zfs send ${OPT_ZSEND} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_${TARGET}_${DATE}" \
                > "${bastille_backupsdir}/${TARGET}_${DATE}"
                clean_zfs_snap
            elif [ -n "${GZIP_EXPORT}" ]; then
@@ -271,7 +317,7 @@ jail_export() {
                export_check

                # Export the raw container recursively and cleanup temporary snapshots
-                zfs send ${OPT_ZSEND} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_export_${DATE}" | \
+                zfs send ${OPT_ZSEND} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_${TARGET}_${DATE}" | \
                gzip ${bastille_compress_gz_options} > "${bastille_backupsdir}/${TARGET}_${DATE}${FILE_EXT}"
                clean_zfs_snap
            elif [ -n "${XZ_EXPORT}" ]; then
@@ -279,7 +325,7 @@ jail_export() {
                export_check

                # Export the container recursively and cleanup temporary snapshots
-                zfs send ${OPT_ZSEND} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_export_${DATE}" | \
+                zfs send ${OPT_ZSEND} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_${TARGET}_${DATE}" | \
                xz ${bastille_compress_xz_options} > "${bastille_backupsdir}/${TARGET}_${DATE}${FILE_EXT}"
                clean_zfs_snap
            else
@@ -288,8 +334,10 @@ jail_export() {
                export_check

                # Quietly export the container recursively, user must redirect standard output
-                zfs send ${OPT_ZSEND} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_export_${DATE}"
-                clean_zfs_snap
+                if ! zfs send ${OPT_ZSEND} "${bastille_zfs_zpool}/${bastille_zfs_prefix}/jails/${TARGET}@bastille_${TARGET}_${DATE}"; then
+                    clean_zfs_snap
+                    error_notify "\nError: An export option is required, see 'bastille export, otherwise the user must redirect to standard output."
+                fi
            fi
        fi
    else
@@ -336,7 +384,7 @@ if [ -n "${TARGET}" ]; then
    # Check if is a ZFS system
    if [ "${bastille_zfs_enable}" != "YES" ]; then
        # Check if container is running and ask for stop in non ZFS systems
-        if [ -n "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+        if [ -n "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
            error_exit "${TARGET} is running. See 'bastille stop'."
        fi
    fi
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/htop.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/htop.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ if [ $# -ne 0 ]; then
 fi

 for _jail in ${JAILS}; do
-    bastille_jail_path=$(jls -j "${_jail}" path)
+    bastille_jail_path=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j "${_jail}" path)
    if [ ! -x "${bastille_jail_path}/usr/local/bin/htop" ]; then
        error_notify "htop not found on ${_jail}."
    elif [ -x "${bastille_jail_path}/usr/local/bin/htop" ]; then
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/import.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/import.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ generate_config() {
    # Attempt to read previous config file and set required variables accordingly
    # If we can't get a valid interface, fallback to lo1 and warn user
    info "Generating jail.conf..."
+    DEVFS_RULESET=4

    if [ "${FILE_EXT}" = ".zip" ]; then
        # Gather some bits from foreign/iocage config files
@@ -180,63 +181,88 @@ generate_config() {
        if [ -n "${JSON_CONFIG}" ]; then
            IPV4_CONFIG=$(grep -wo '\"ip4_addr\": \".*\"' "${JSON_CONFIG}" | tr -d '" ' | sed 's/ip4_addr://')
            IPV6_CONFIG=$(grep -wo '\"ip6_addr\": \".*\"' "${JSON_CONFIG}" | tr -d '" ' | sed 's/ip6_addr://')
+            DEVFS_RULESET=$(grep -wo '\"devfs_ruleset\": \".*\"' "${JSON_CONFIG}" | tr -d '" ' | sed 's/devfs_ruleset://')
+            DEVFS_RULESET=${DEVFS_RULESET:-4}
+            IS_THIN_JAIL=$(grep -wo '\"basejail\": .*' "${JSON_CONFIG}" | tr -d '" ,' | sed 's/basejail://')
+            CONFIG_RELEASE=$(grep -wo '\"release\": \".*\"' "${JSON_CONFIG}" | tr -d '" ' | sed 's/release://' | sed 's/\-[pP].*//')
+            IS_VNET_JAIL=$(grep -wo '\"vnet\": .*' "${JSON_CONFIG}" | tr -d '" ,' | sed 's/vnet://')
+            VNET_DEFAULT_INTERFACE=$(grep -wo '\"vnet_default_interface\": \".*\"' "${JSON_CONFIG}" | tr -d '" ' | sed 's/vnet_default_interface://')
+            ALLOW_EMPTY_DIRS_TO_BE_SYMLINKED=1
+            if [ "${VNET_DEFAULT_INTERFACE}" = "auto" ]; then
+                # Grab the default ipv4 route from netstat and pull out the interface
+                VNET_DEFAULT_INTERFACE=$(netstat -nr4 | grep default | cut -w -f 4)
+            fi
        fi
    elif [ "${FILE_EXT}" = ".tar.gz" ]; then
        # Gather some bits from foreign/ezjail config files
        PROP_CONFIG="${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET_TRIM}/prop.ezjail-${FILE_TRIM}-*"
        if [ -n "${PROP_CONFIG}" ]; then
            IPVX_CONFIG=$(grep -wo "jail_${TARGET_TRIM}_ip=.*" ${PROP_CONFIG} | tr -d '" ' | sed "s/jail_${TARGET_TRIM}_ip=//")
+            CONFIG_RELEASE=$(echo ${PROP_CONFIG} | grep -o '[0-9]\{2\}\.[0-9]_RELEASE' | sed 's/_/-/g')
        fi
+        # Always assume it's thin for ezjail
+        IS_THIN_JAIL=1
    fi

-    # If there are multiple IP/NIC let the user configure network
-    if [ -n "${IPV4_CONFIG}" ]; then
-        if ! echo "${IPV4_CONFIG}" | grep -q '.*,.*'; then
-            NETIF_CONFIG=$(echo "${IPV4_CONFIG}" | grep '.*|' | sed 's/|.*//g')
-            if [ -z "${NETIF_CONFIG}" ]; then
-                config_netif
+    # See if we need to generate a vnet network section
+    if [ "${IS_VNET_JAIL:-0}" = "1" ]; then
+        NETBLOCK=$(generate_vnet_jail_netblock "${TARGET_TRIM}" "" "${VNET_DEFAULT_INTERFACE}")
+    else
+        # If there are multiple IP/NIC let the user configure network
+        if [ -n "${IPV4_CONFIG}" ]; then
+            if ! echo "${IPV4_CONFIG}" | grep -q '.*,.*'; then
+                NETIF_CONFIG=$(echo "${IPV4_CONFIG}" | grep '.*|' | sed 's/|.*//g')
+                if [ -z "${NETIF_CONFIG}" ]; then
+                    config_netif
+                fi
+                IPX_ADDR="ip4.addr"
+                IP_CONFIG="${IPV4_CONFIG}"
+                IP6_MODE="disable"
            fi
-            IPX_ADDR="ip4.addr"
-            IP_CONFIG="${IPV4_CONFIG}"
-            IP6_MODE="disable"
-        fi
-    elif [ -n "${IPV6_CONFIG}" ]; then
-        if ! echo "${IPV6_CONFIG}" | grep -q '.*,.*'; then
-            NETIF_CONFIG=$(echo "${IPV6_CONFIG}" | grep '.*|' | sed 's/|.*//g')
-            if [ -z "${NETIF_CONFIG}" ]; then
-                config_netif
-            fi
-            IPX_ADDR="ip6.addr"
-            IP_CONFIG="${IPV6_CONFIG}"
-            IP6_MODE="new"
-        fi
-    elif [ -n "${IPVX_CONFIG}" ]; then
-        if ! echo "${IPVX_CONFIG}" | grep -q '.*,.*'; then
-            NETIF_CONFIG=$(echo "${IPVX_CONFIG}" | grep '.*|' | sed 's/|.*//g')
-            if [ -z "${NETIF_CONFIG}" ]; then
-                config_netif
-            fi
-            IPX_ADDR="ip4.addr"
-            IP_CONFIG="${IPVX_CONFIG}"
-            IP6_MODE="disable"
-            if echo "${IPVX_CONFIG}" | sed 's/.*|//' | grep -Eq '^(([a-fA-F0-9:]+$)|([a-fA-F0-9:]+\/[0-9]{1,3}$))'; then
+        elif [ -n "${IPV6_CONFIG}" ]; then
+            if ! echo "${IPV6_CONFIG}" | grep -q '.*,.*'; then
+                NETIF_CONFIG=$(echo "${IPV6_CONFIG}" | grep '.*|' | sed 's/|.*//g')
+                if [ -z "${NETIF_CONFIG}" ]; then
+                    config_netif
+                fi
                IPX_ADDR="ip6.addr"
+                IP_CONFIG="${IPV6_CONFIG}"
                IP6_MODE="new"
            fi
+        elif [ -n "${IPVX_CONFIG}" ]; then
+            if ! echo "${IPVX_CONFIG}" | grep -q '.*,.*'; then
+                NETIF_CONFIG=$(echo "${IPVX_CONFIG}" | grep '.*|' | sed 's/|.*//g')
+                if [ -z "${NETIF_CONFIG}" ]; then
+                    config_netif
+                fi
+                IPX_ADDR="ip4.addr"
+                IP_CONFIG="${IPVX_CONFIG}"
+                IP6_MODE="disable"
+                if echo "${IPVX_CONFIG}" | sed 's/.*|//' | grep -Eq '^(([a-fA-F0-9:]+$)|([a-fA-F0-9:]+\/[0-9]{1,3}$))'; then
+                    IPX_ADDR="ip6.addr"
+                    IP6_MODE="new"
+                fi
+            fi
        fi
+
+        # Let the user configure network manually
+        if [ -z "${NETIF_CONFIG}" ]; then
+            NETIF_CONFIG="lo1"
+            IPX_ADDR="ip4.addr"
+            IP_CONFIG="-"
+            IP6_MODE="disable"
+            warn "Warning: See 'bastille edit ${TARGET_TRIM} jail.conf' for manual network configuration."
+        fi
+
+        NETBLOCK=$(cat <<-EOF
+  interface = ${NETIF_CONFIG};
+  ${IPX_ADDR} = ${IP_CONFIG};
+  ip6 = ${IP6_MODE};
+EOF
+        )
    fi

-    # Let the user configure network manually
-    if [ -z "${NETIF_CONFIG}" ]; then
-        NETIF_CONFIG="lo1"
-        IPX_ADDR="ip4.addr"
-        IP_CONFIG="-"
-        IP6_MODE="disable"
-        warn "Warning: See 'bastille edit ${TARGET_TRIM} jail.conf' for manual network configuration."
-    fi
-
-    if [ "${FILE_EXT}" = ".tar.gz" ]; then
-        CONFIG_RELEASE=$(echo ${PROP_CONFIG} | grep -o '[0-9]\{2\}\.[0-9]_RELEASE' | sed 's/_/-/g')
+    if [ "${IS_THIN_JAIL:-0}" = "1" ]; then
        if [ -z "${CONFIG_RELEASE}" ]; then
            # Fallback to host version
            CONFIG_RELEASE=$(freebsd-version | sed 's/\-[pP].*//')
@@ -257,7 +283,7 @@ generate_config() {
    # Generate a basic jail configuration file on foreign imports
    cat << EOF > "${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET_TRIM}/jail.conf"
 ${TARGET_TRIM} {
-  devfs_ruleset = 4;
+  devfs_ruleset = ${DEVFS_RULESET};
  enforce_statfs = 2;
  exec.clean;
  exec.consolelog = ${bastille_logsdir}/${TARGET_TRIM}_console.log;
@@ -269,9 +295,7 @@ ${TARGET_TRIM} {
  path = ${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET_TRIM}/root;
  securelevel = 2;

-  interface = ${NETIF_CONFIG};
-  ${IPX_ADDR} = ${IP_CONFIG};
-  ip6 = ${IP6_MODE};
+${NETBLOCK}
 }
 EOF
 }
@@ -334,6 +358,13 @@ update_symlinks() {
    for _link in ${SYMLINKS}; do
        if [ -L "${_link}" ]; then
            ln -sf /.bastille/${_link} ${_link}
+        elif [ "${ALLOW_EMPTY_DIRS_TO_BE_SYMLINKED:-0}" = "1" -a -d "${_link}" ]; then
+            # -F will enforce that the directory is empty and replaced by the symlink
+            ln -sfF /.bastille/${_link} ${_link} || EXIT_CODE=$?
+            if [ "${EXIT_CODE:-0}" != "0" ]; then
+                # Assume that the failure was due to the directory not being empty and explain the problem in friendlier terms
+                warn "Warning: directory ${_link} on imported jail was not empty and will not be updated by Bastille"
+            fi
        fi
    done
 }
@@ -577,7 +608,7 @@ else
 fi

 # Check if a running jail matches name or already exist
-if [ -n "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET_TRIM}$/")" ]; then
+if [ -n "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET_TRIM}$/")" ]; then
    error_exit "A running jail matches name."
 elif [ -n "${TARGET_TRIM}" ]; then
    if [ -d "${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET_TRIM}" ]; then
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/limits.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/limits.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 # Ressource limits added by Sven R github.com/hackacad
 #
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/list.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/list.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -32,15 +32,15 @@
 . /usr/local/etc/bastille/bastille.conf

 usage() {
-    error_exit "Usage: bastille list [-j|-a] [release|template|(jail|container)|log|limit|(import|export|backup)]"
+    error_exit "Usage: bastille list [-j|-a] [release [-p]|template|(jail|container)|log|limit|(import|export|backup)]"
 }

 if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
-   jls -N
+   /usr/sbin/jls -N
 fi

 if [ "$1" == "-j" ]; then
-    jls -N --libxo json
+    /usr/sbin/jls -N --libxo json
    exit 0
 fi

@@ -54,65 +54,86 @@ if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
        if [ -d "${bastille_jailsdir}" ]; then
            DEFAULT_VALUE="-"
            SPACER=2
-            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_NAME=$(find "${bastille_jailsdir}" -maxdepth 2 -type f -name jail.conf | sed "s/^.*\/\(.*\)\/jail.conf$/\1/" | awk '{ print length($0) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
+            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_NAME=$(find ""${bastille_jailsdir}/*/jail.conf"" -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0 2> /dev/null | xargs -r0 -P0 grep -h -m 1 -e "^.* {$" | awk '{ print length($1) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_NAME=${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_NAME:-3}
            if [ ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_NAME} -lt 3 ]; then MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_NAME=3; fi
-            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP=$(find "${bastille_jailsdir}" -maxdepth 2 -type f -name jail.conf -exec sed -n "s/^[ ]*ip[4,6].addr[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);$/\1/p" {} \; | sed 's/\// /g' | awk '{ print length($1) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
+            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP=$(find ""${bastille_jailsdir}/*/jail.conf"" -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0 2> /dev/null | xargs -r0 -P0 sed -n "s/^[ ]*ip[4,6].addr[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);$/\1 /p" | sed 's/\// /g' | awk '{ print length($1) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP=${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP:-10}
-            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_VNET_IP=$(find "${bastille_jailsdir}" -maxdepth 2 -type f -name jail.conf -exec grep -l "vnet;" {} + | sed 's/\(.*\)jail.conf$/grep "ifconfig_vnet0=" \1root\/etc\/rc.conf/' | sh | sed -n 's/^ifconfig_vnet0="\(.*\)"$/\1/p' | sed 's/\// /g' | awk '{ if ($1 ~ /^[inet|inet6]/) print length($2); else print 15 }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
+            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_VNET_IP=$(find ""${bastille_jailsdir}/*/jail.conf"" -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0 2> /dev/null | xargs -r0 -P0 grep -l "vnet;" | grep -h "ifconfig_vnet0=" $(sed -n "s/\(.*\)jail.conf$/\1root\/etc\/rc.conf/p") | sed -n "s/^ifconfig_vnet0=\"\(.*\)\"$/\1/p"| sed "s/\// /g" | awk '{ if ($1 ~ /^[inet|inet6]/) print length($2); else print 15 }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_VNET_IP=${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_VNET_IP:-10}
            if [ ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_VNET_IP} -gt ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP} ]; then MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP=${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_VNET_IP}; fi
            if [ ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP} -lt 10 ]; then MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP=10; fi
-            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_HOSTNAME=$(find "${bastille_jailsdir}" -maxdepth 2 -type f -name jail.conf -exec sed -n "s/^[ ]*host.hostname[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);$/\1/p" {} \; | awk '{ print length($0) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
+            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_HOSTNAME=$(find ""${bastille_jailsdir}/*/jail.conf"" -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0 2> /dev/null | xargs -r0 -P0 grep -h -m 1 -e "^[ ]*host.hostname[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);" | awk '{ print length(substr($3, 1, length($3)-1)) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_HOSTNAME=${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_HOSTNAME:-8}
            if [ ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_HOSTNAME} -lt 8 ]; then MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_HOSTNAME=8; fi
-            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS=$(find "${bastille_jailsdir}" -maxdepth 2 -type f -name rdr.conf -exec awk '{ lines++; chars += length($0)} END { chars += lines - 1; print chars }' {} \; | sort -nr | head -n 1)
+            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS=$(find ""${bastille_jailsdir}/*/rdr.conf"" -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0 2> /dev/null | xargs -r0 -P0 -n1 awk '{ lines++; chars += length($0)} END { chars += lines - 1; print chars }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS=${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS:-15}
            if [ ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS} -lt 15 ]; then MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS=15; fi
            if [ ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS} -gt 30 ]; then MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS=30; fi
-            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE=$(find "${bastille_jailsdir}" -maxdepth 2 -type f -name fstab 2> /dev/null -exec grep "/releases/.*/root/.bastille nullfs" {} \; | sed -n "s/^\(.*\) \/.*$/grep \"\^USERLAND_VERSION=\" \1\/bin\/freebsd-version 2\> \/dev\/null/p" | awk '!_[$0]++' | sh | sed -n "s/^USERLAND_VERSION=\"\(.*\)\"$/\1/p" | awk '{ print length($0) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
+            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE=$(find ""${bastille_jailsdir}/*/fstab"" -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0 2> /dev/null | xargs -r0 -P0 grep -h "/releases/.*/root/.bastille.*nullfs" | grep -hE "^USERLAND_VERSION=" $(sed -n "s/^\(.*\) \/.*$/\1\/bin\/freebsd-version/p" | awk '!_[$0]++') | sed "s/[\"\'\^]//g;s/ .*$//g" | sed -n "s/^USERLAND_VERSION=\(.*\)$/\1/p" | awk '{ print length($0) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
            MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE=${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE:-7}
-            MAX_LENGTH_THICK_JAIL_RELEASE=$(find ""${bastille_jailsdir}/*/root/bin"" -maxdepth 1 -type f -name freebsd-version 2> /dev/null -exec grep "^USERLAND_VERSION=" {} \; | sed -n "s/^USERLAND_VERSION=\"\(.*\)\"$/\1/p" | awk '{ print length($0) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
+            MAX_LENGTH_THICK_JAIL_RELEASE=$(find ""${bastille_jailsdir}/*/root/bin/freebsd-version"" -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0 2> /dev/null | xargs -r0 -P0 grep -hE "^USERLAND_VERSION=" | sed "s/[\"\'\^]//g;s/ .*$//g" | sed -n "s/^USERLAND_VERSION=\(.*\)$/\1/p" | awk '{ print length($0) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1)
            MAX_LENGTH_THICK_JAIL_RELEASE=${MAX_LENGTH_THICK_JAIL_RELEASE:-7}
+            MAX_LENGTH_LINUX_JAIL_RELEASE=$(find ""${bastille_jailsdir}/*/fstab"" -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0 2> /dev/null | xargs -r0 -P0 grep -h "/jails/.*/root/proc.*linprocfs" | grep -hE "^NAME=|^VERSION_ID=|^VERSION_CODENAME=" $(sed -n "s/^linprocfs *\(.*\)\/.*$/\1\/etc\/os-release/p") 2> /dev/null | sed "s/\"//g" | sed "s/ GNU\/Linux//g" | sed "N;N;s/\n/;/g" | sed -n "s/^NAME=\(.*\);VERSION_ID=\(.*\);VERSION_CODENAME=\(.*\)$/\1 \2 (\3)/p" | awk '{ print length($0) }' | sort -nr | head -n 1) 
+            MAX_LENGTH_LINUX_JAIL_RELEASE=${MAX_LENGTH_LINUX_JAIL_RELEASE:-7}
            if [ ${MAX_LENGTH_THICK_JAIL_RELEASE} -gt ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE} ]; then MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE=${MAX_LENGTH_THICK_JAIL_RELEASE}; fi
+            if [ ${MAX_LENGTH_LINUX_JAIL_RELEASE} -gt ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE} ]; then MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE=${MAX_LENGTH_LINUX_JAIL_RELEASE}; fi
            if [ ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE} -lt 7 ]; then MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE=7; fi
            printf " JID%*sState%*sIP Address%*sPublished Ports%*sHostname%*sRelease%*sPath\n" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_NAME} + ${SPACER} - 3))" "" "$((${SPACER}))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP} + ${SPACER} - 10))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS} + ${SPACER} - 15))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_HOSTNAME} + ${SPACER} - 8))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE} + ${SPACER} - 7))" ""
            JAIL_LIST=$(ls "${bastille_jailsdir}" | sed "s/\n//g")
            for _JAIL in ${JAIL_LIST}; do
                if [ -f "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/jail.conf" ]; then
-                        if [ "$(jls name | awk "/^${_JAIL}$/")" ]; then
+                        JAIL_NAME=$(grep -h -m 1 -e "^.* {$" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/jail.conf" 2> /dev/null | awk '{ print $1 }')
+                        IS_FREEBSD_JAIL=0
+                        if [ -f "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/root/bin/freebsd-version" -o -f "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/root/.bastille/bin/freebsd-version" -o "$(grep -c "/releases/.*/root/.bastille.*nullfs" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/fstab" 2> /dev/null)" -gt 0 ]; then IS_FREEBSD_JAIL=1; fi
+                        IS_FREEBSD_JAIL=${IS_FREEBSD_JAIL:-0}
+                        IS_LINUX_JAIL=0
+                        if [ "$(grep -c "^linprocfs" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/fstab" 2> /dev/null)" -gt 0 ]; then IS_LINUX_JAIL=1; fi
+                        IS_LINUX_JAIL=${IS_LINUX_JAIL:-0}
+                        if [ "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${JAIL_NAME}$/")" ]; then
                                JAIL_STATE="Up"
-                                if [ "$(awk '$1 == "vnet;" { print $1 }' "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/jail.conf")" ]; then
-                                        JAIL_IP=$(jexec -l ${_JAIL} ifconfig -n vnet0 inet 2> /dev/null | sed -n "/.inet /{s///;s/ .*//;p;}")
-                                        if [ ! ${JAIL_IP} ]; then JAIL_IP=$(jexec -l ${_JAIL} ifconfig -n vnet0 inet6 2> /dev/null | awk '/inet6 / && (!/fe80::/ || !/%vnet0/)' | sed -n "/.inet6 /{s///;s/ .*//;p;}"); fi
+                                if [ "$(awk '$1 == "vnet;" { print $1 }' "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/jail.conf" 2> /dev/null)" ]; then
+                                        JAIL_IP=$(jexec -l ${JAIL_NAME} ifconfig -n vnet0 inet 2> /dev/null | sed -n "/.inet /{s///;s/ .*//;p;}")
+                                        if [ ! ${JAIL_IP} ]; then JAIL_IP=$(jexec -l ${JAIL_NAME} ifconfig -n vnet0 inet6 2> /dev/null | awk '/inet6 / && (!/fe80::/ || !/%vnet0/)' | sed -n "/.inet6 /{s///;s/ .*//;p;}"); fi
                                else
-                                        JAIL_IP=$(jls -j ${_JAIL} ip4.addr 2> /dev/null)
-                                        if [ ${JAIL_IP} = "-" ]; then JAIL_IP=$(jls -j ${_JAIL} ip6.addr 2> /dev/null); fi
+                                        JAIL_IP=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j ${JAIL_NAME} ip4.addr 2> /dev/null)
+                                        if [ ${JAIL_IP} = "-" ]; then JAIL_IP=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j ${JAIL_NAME} ip6.addr 2> /dev/null); fi
+                                fi
+                                JAIL_HOSTNAME=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j ${JAIL_NAME} host.hostname 2> /dev/null)
+                                JAIL_PORTS=$(pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -Psn 2> /dev/null | awk '{ printf "%s/%s:%s"",",$7,$14,$18 }' | sed "s/,$//")
+                                JAIL_PATH=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j ${JAIL_NAME} path 2> /dev/null)
+                                if [ ${IS_FREEBSD_JAIL} -eq 1 ]; then
+                                        JAIL_RELEASE=$(jexec -l ${JAIL_NAME} freebsd-version -u 2> /dev/null)
+                                fi
+                                if [ ${IS_LINUX_JAIL} -eq 1 ]; then
+                                                JAIL_RELEASE=$(grep -hE "^NAME=.*$|^VERSION_ID=.*$|^VERSION_CODENAME=.*$" "${JAIL_PATH}/etc/os-release" 2> /dev/null | sed "s/\"//g" | sed "s/ GNU\/Linux//g" | awk -F'=' '{ a[$1] = $2; o++ } o%3 == 0 { print a["VERSION_CODENAME"] " (" a["NAME"] " " a["VERSION_ID"] ")" }')
                                fi
-                                JAIL_HOSTNAME=$(jls -j ${_JAIL} host.hostname 2> /dev/null)
-                                JAIL_PORTS=$(pfctl -a "rdr/${_JAIL}" -Psn 2> /dev/null | awk '{ printf "%s/%s:%s"",",$7,$14,$18 }' | sed "s/,$//")
-                                JAIL_PATH=$(jls -j ${_JAIL} path 2> /dev/null)
-                                JAIL_RELEASE=$(jexec -l ${_JAIL} freebsd-version -u 2> /dev/null)
                        else
-                                JAIL_STATE=$(if [ "$(sed -n "/^${_JAIL} {$/,/^}$/p" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/jail.conf" | awk '$0 ~ /^'${_JAIL}' \{|\}/ { printf "%s",$0 }')" == "${_JAIL} {}" ]; then echo "Down"; else echo "n/a"; fi)
-                                if [ "$(awk '$1 == "vnet;" { print $1 }' "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/jail.conf")" ]; then
-                                        JAIL_IP=$(sed -n 's/^ifconfig_vnet0="\(.*\)"$/\1/p' "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/root/etc/rc.conf" | sed "s/\// /g" | awk '{ if ($1 ~ /^[inet|inet6]/) print $2; else print $1 }')
+                                JAIL_STATE=$(if [ "$(sed -n "/^${JAIL_NAME} {$/,/^}$/p" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/jail.conf" 2> /dev/null | awk '$0 ~ /^'${JAIL_NAME}' \{|\}/ { printf "%s",$0 }')" == "${JAIL_NAME} {}" ]; then echo "Down"; else echo "n/a"; fi)
+                                if [ "$(awk '$1 == "vnet;" { print $1 }' "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/jail.conf" 2> /dev/null)" ]; then
+                                        JAIL_IP=$(sed -n 's/^ifconfig_vnet0="\(.*\)"$/\1/p' "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/root/etc/rc.conf" 2> /dev/null | sed "s/\// /g" | awk '{ if ($1 ~ /^[inet|inet6]/) print $2; else print $1 }')
                                else
-                                        JAIL_IP=$(sed -n "s/^[ ]*ip[4,6].addr[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);$/\1/p" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/jail.conf" | sed "s/\// /g" | awk '{ print $1 }')
+                                        JAIL_IP=$(sed -n "s/^[ ]*ip[4,6].addr[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);$/\1/p" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/jail.conf" 2> /dev/null | sed "s/\// /g" | awk '{ print $1 }')
                                fi
-                                JAIL_HOSTNAME=$(sed -n "s/^[ ]*host.hostname[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);$/\1/p" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/jail.conf")
-                                if [ -f "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/rdr.conf" ]; then JAIL_PORTS=$(awk '$1 ~ /^[tcp|udp]/ { printf "%s/%s:%s,",$1,$2,$3 }' "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/rdr.conf" | sed "s/,$//"); else JAIL_PORTS=""; fi
-                                JAIL_PATH=$(sed -n "s/^[ ]*path[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);$/\1/p" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/jail.conf")
+                                JAIL_HOSTNAME=$(sed -n "s/^[ ]*host.hostname[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);$/\1/p" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/jail.conf" 2> /dev/null)
+                                if [ -f "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/rdr.conf" ]; then JAIL_PORTS=$(awk '$1 ~ /^[tcp|udp]/ { printf "%s/%s:%s,",$1,$2,$3 }' "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/rdr.conf" 2> /dev/null | sed "s/,$//"); else JAIL_PORTS=""; fi
+                                JAIL_PATH=$(sed -n "s/^[ ]*path[ ]*=[ ]*\(.*\);$/\1/p" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/jail.conf" 2> /dev/null)
                                if [ ${JAIL_PATH} ]; then
-                                        if [ -f "${JAIL_PATH}/bin/freebsd-version" ]; then
-                                                JAIL_RELEASE=$(sed -n "s/^USERLAND_VERSION=\"\(.*\)\"$/\1/p" "${JAIL_PATH}/bin/freebsd-version")
-                                        else
-                                                JAIL_RELEASE=$(grep "/releases/.*/root/.bastille nullfs" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_JAIL}/fstab" 2> /dev/null | sed -n "s/^\(.*\) \/.*$/grep \"\^USERLAND_VERSION=\" \1\/bin\/freebsd-version 2\> \/dev\/null/p" | awk '!_[$0]++' | sh | sed -n "s/^USERLAND_VERSION=\"\(.*\)\"$/\1/p")
+                                        if [ ${IS_FREEBSD_JAIL} -eq 1 ]; then
+                                                if [ -f "${JAIL_PATH}/bin/freebsd-version" ]; then
+                                                        JAIL_RELEASE=$(grep -hE "^USERLAND_VERSION=" "${JAIL_PATH}/bin/freebsd-version" 2> /dev/null | sed "s/[\"\'\^]//g;s/ .*$//g" | sed -n "s/^USERLAND_VERSION=\(.*\)$/\1/p")
+                                                else
+                                                        JAIL_RELEASE=$(grep -h "/releases/.*/root/.bastille.*nullfs" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/fstab" 2> /dev/null | grep -hE "^USERLAND_VERSION=" $(sed -n "s/^\(.*\) \/.*$/\1\/bin\/freebsd-version/p" | awk '!_[$0]++') | sed "s/[\"\'\^]//g;s/ .*$//g" | sed -n "s/^USERLAND_VERSION=\(.*\)$/\1/p")
+                                                fi
+                                        fi
+                                        if [ ${IS_LINUX_JAIL} -eq 1 ]; then
+                                                JAIL_RELEASE=$(grep -hE "^NAME=.*$|^VERSION_ID=.*$|^VERSION_CODENAME=.*$" "${JAIL_PATH}/etc/os-release" 2> /dev/null | sed "s/\"//g" | sed "s/ GNU\/Linux//g" | awk -F'=' '{ a[$1] = $2; o++ } o%3 == 0 { print a["VERSION_CODENAME"] " (" a["NAME"] " " a["VERSION_ID"] ")" }')
                                        fi
                                else
                                        JAIL_RELEASE=""
                                fi
                        fi
+
                        if [ ${#JAIL_PORTS} -gt ${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS} ]; then JAIL_PORTS="$(echo ${JAIL_PORTS} | cut -c-$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS} - 3)))..."; fi
                        JAIL_NAME=${JAIL_NAME:-${DEFAULT_VALUE}}
                        JAIL_STATE=${JAIL_STATE:-${DEFAULT_VALUE}}
@@ -121,7 +142,7 @@ if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
                        JAIL_HOSTNAME=${JAIL_HOSTNAME:-${DEFAULT_VALUE}}
                        JAIL_RELEASE=${JAIL_RELEASE:-${DEFAULT_VALUE}}
                        JAIL_PATH=${JAIL_PATH:-${DEFAULT_VALUE}}
-                        printf " ${_JAIL}%*s${JAIL_STATE}%*s${JAIL_IP}%*s${JAIL_PORTS}%*s${JAIL_HOSTNAME}%*s${JAIL_RELEASE}%*s${JAIL_PATH}\n" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_NAME} - ${#_JAIL} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((5 - ${#JAIL_STATE} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP} - ${#JAIL_IP} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS} - ${#JAIL_PORTS} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_HOSTNAME} - ${#JAIL_HOSTNAME} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE} - ${#JAIL_RELEASE} + ${SPACER}))" ""
+                        printf " ${JAIL_NAME}%*s${JAIL_STATE}%*s${JAIL_IP}%*s${JAIL_PORTS}%*s${JAIL_HOSTNAME}%*s${JAIL_RELEASE}%*s${JAIL_PATH}\n" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_NAME} - ${#JAIL_NAME} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((5 - ${#JAIL_STATE} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_IP} - ${#JAIL_IP} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_PORTS} - ${#JAIL_PORTS} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_HOSTNAME} - ${#JAIL_HOSTNAME} + ${SPACER}))" "" "$((${MAX_LENGTH_JAIL_RELEASE} - ${#JAIL_RELEASE} + ${SPACER}))" ""
                fi
            done
        else
@@ -132,8 +153,14 @@ if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
        if [ -d "${bastille_releasesdir}" ]; then
            REL_LIST=$(ls "${bastille_releasesdir}" | sed "s/\n//g")
            for _REL in ${REL_LIST}; do
-                if [ -f "${bastille_releasesdir}/${_REL}/root/.profile" ]; then
-                    echo "${_REL}"
+                if [ -f "${bastille_releasesdir}/${_REL}/root/.profile" -o -d "${bastille_releasesdir}/${_REL}/debootstrap" ]; then
+                    if [ "$2" == "-p" -a -f "${bastille_releasesdir}/${_REL}/bin/freebsd-version" ]; then
+                        REL_PATCH_LEVEL=$(sed -n "s/^USERLAND_VERSION=\"\(.*\)\"$/\1/p" "${bastille_releasesdir}/${_REL}/bin/freebsd-version" 2> /dev/null)
+                        REL_PATCH_LEVEL=${REL_PATCH_LEVEL:-${_REL}}
+                        echo "${REL_PATCH_LEVEL}"
+                    else
+                        echo "${_REL}"
+                    fi
                fi
            done
        fi
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/mount.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/mount.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -93,25 +93,25 @@ for _jail in ${JAILS}; do
    info "[${_jail}]:"

    ## aggregate variables into FSTAB entry
-    _jailpath="${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/root/${_jailpath}"
-    _fstab_entry="${_hostpath} ${_jailpath} ${_type} ${_perms} ${_checks}"
+    _fullpath="${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/root/${_jailpath}"
+    _fstab_entry="${_hostpath} ${_fullpath} ${_type} ${_perms} ${_checks}"

    ## Create mount point if it does not exist. -- cwells
-    if [ ! -d "${_jailpath}" ]; then
-        if ! mkdir -p "${_jailpath}"; then
+    if [ ! -d "${_fullpath}" ]; then
+        if ! mkdir -p "${_fullpath}"; then
            error_exit "Failed to create mount point inside jail."
        fi
    fi

    ## if entry doesn't exist, add; else show existing entry
-    if ! egrep -q "[[:blank:]]${_jailpath}[[:blank:]]" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/fstab" 2> /dev/null; then
+    if ! egrep -q "[[:blank:]]${_fullpath}[[:blank:]]" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/fstab" 2> /dev/null; then
        if ! echo "${_fstab_entry}" >> "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/fstab"; then
            error_exit "Failed to create fstab entry: ${_fstab_entry}"
        fi
        echo "Added: ${_fstab_entry}"
    else
        warn "Mountpoint already present in ${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/fstab"
-        egrep "[[:blank:]]${_jailpath}[[:blank:]]" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/fstab"
+        egrep "[[:blank:]]${_fullpath}[[:blank:]]" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/fstab"
    fi
    mount -F "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/fstab" -a
    echo
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/pkg.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/pkg.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 . /usr/local/share/bastille/common.sh

 usage() {
-    error_exit "Usage: bastille pkg TARGET command [args]"
+    error_exit "Usage: bastille pkg [-H|--host] TARGET command [args]"
 }

 # Handle special-case commands first.
@@ -47,10 +47,15 @@ fi

 for _jail in ${JAILS}; do
    info "[${_jail}]:"
-    if [ -f "/usr/sbin/pkg" ]; then
-        jexec -l "${_jail}" /usr/sbin/pkg "$@"
+    bastille_jail_path=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j "${_jail}" path)
+    if [ -f "/usr/sbin/mport" ]; then
+        jexec -l -U root "${_jail}" /usr/sbin/mport "$@"
+    elif [ -f "${bastille_jail_path}/usr/bin/apt" ]; then
+        jexec -l "${_jail}" /usr/bin/apt "$@"
+    elif [ "${USE_HOST_PKG}" = 1 ]; then
+        /usr/sbin/pkg -j "${_jail}" "$@"
    else
-        jexec -l "${_jail}" /usr/sbin/mport "$@"
+        jexec -l -U root "${_jail}" /usr/sbin/pkg "$@"
    fi
    echo
 done
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/rdr.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/rdr.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 . /usr/local/etc/bastille/bastille.conf

 usage() {
-    error_exit "Usage: bastille rdr TARGET [clear|list|(tcp|udp host_port jail_port)]"
+    error_exit "Usage: bastille rdr TARGET [clear|list|(tcp|udp host_port jail_port [log ['(' logopts ')'] ] )]"
 }

 # Handle special-case commands first.
@@ -47,37 +47,42 @@ if [ $# -lt 2 ]; then
 fi

 TARGET="${1}"
+JAIL_NAME=""
+JAIL_IP=""
+EXT_IF=""
 shift

-# Can only redirect to single jail
-if [ "${TARGET}" = 'ALL' ]; then
-    error_exit "Can only redirect to a single jail."
-fi
-
-# Check if jail name is valid
-JAIL_NAME=$(jls -j "${TARGET}" name 2>/dev/null)
-if [ -z "${JAIL_NAME}" ]; then
-    error_exit "Jail not found: ${TARGET}"
-fi
-
-# Check if jail ip4 address (ip4.addr) is valid (non-VNET only)
-if [ "$(bastille config $TARGET get vnet)" != 'enabled' ]; then
-    JAIL_IP=$(jls -j "${TARGET}" ip4.addr 2>/dev/null)
-    if [ -z "${JAIL_IP}" -o "${JAIL_IP}" = "-" ]; then
-        error_exit "Jail IP not found: ${TARGET}"
+check_jail_validity() {
+    # Can only redirect to single jail
+    if [ "${TARGET}" = 'ALL' ]; then
+        error_exit "Can only redirect to a single jail."
    fi
-fi

-# Check if rdr-anchor is defined in pf.conf
-if ! (pfctl -sn | grep rdr-anchor | grep 'rdr/\*' >/dev/null); then
-    error_exit "rdr-anchor not found in pf.conf"
-fi
+    # Check if jail name is valid
+    JAIL_NAME=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j "${TARGET}" name 2>/dev/null)
+    if [ -z "${JAIL_NAME}" ]; then
+        error_exit "Jail not found: ${TARGET}"
+    fi

-# Check if ext_if is defined in pf.conf
-EXT_IF=$(grep '^[[:space:]]*ext_if[[:space:]]*=' /etc/pf.conf)
-if [ -z "${EXT_IF}" ]; then
-    error_exit "ext_if not defined in pf.conf"
-fi
+    # Check if jail ip4 address (ip4.addr) is valid (non-VNET only)
+    if [ "$(bastille config $TARGET get vnet)" != 'enabled' ]; then
+        JAIL_IP=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j "${TARGET}" ip4.addr 2>/dev/null)
+        if [ -z "${JAIL_IP}" -o "${JAIL_IP}" = "-" ]; then
+            error_exit "Jail IP not found: ${TARGET}"
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    # Check if rdr-anchor is defined in pf.conf
+    if ! (pfctl -sn | grep rdr-anchor | grep 'rdr/\*' >/dev/null); then
+        error_exit "rdr-anchor not found in pf.conf"
+    fi
+
+    # Check if ext_if is defined in pf.conf
+    EXT_IF=$(grep '^[[:space:]]*ext_if[[:space:]]*=' /etc/pf.conf)
+    if [ -z "${EXT_IF}" ]; then
+        error_exit "ext_if not defined in pf.conf"
+    fi
+}

 # function: write rule to rdr.conf
 persist_rdr_rule() {
@@ -86,6 +91,16 @@ if ! grep -qs "$1 $2 $3" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/rdr.conf"; then
 fi
 }

+persist_rdr_log_rule() {
+proto=$1;host_port=$2;jail_port=$3;
+shift 3;
+log=$@;
+if ! grep -qs "$proto $host_port $jail_port $log" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/rdr.conf"; then
+    echo "$proto $host_port $jail_port $log" >> "${bastille_jailsdir}/${JAIL_NAME}/rdr.conf"
+fi
+}
+
+
 # function: load rdr rule via pfctl
 load_rdr_rule() {
 ( pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -Psn;
@@ -93,23 +108,83 @@ load_rdr_rule() {
      | pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -f-
 }

+# function: load rdr rule with log via pfctl
+load_rdr_log_rule() {
+proto=$1;host_port=$2;jail_port=$3;
+shift 3;
+log=$@
+( pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -Psn;
+  printf '%s\nrdr pass %s on $ext_if inet proto %s to port %s -> %s port %s\n' "$EXT_IF" "$log" "$proto" "$host_port" "$JAIL_IP" "$jail_port" ) \
+      | pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -f-
+}
+
 while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
    case "$1" in
        list)
-            pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -Psn 2>/dev/null
+            if [ "${TARGET}" = 'ALL' ]; then
+                for JAIL_NAME in $(ls "${bastille_jailsdir}" | sed "s/\n//g"); do
+                    echo "${JAIL_NAME} redirects:"
+                    pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -Psn 2>/dev/null
+                done
+            else
+                check_jail_validity
+                pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -Psn 2>/dev/null
+            fi
            shift
            ;;
        clear)
-            pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -Fn
+            if [ "${TARGET}" = 'ALL' ]; then
+                for JAIL_NAME in $(ls "${bastille_jailsdir}" | sed "s/\n//g"); do
+                    echo "${JAIL_NAME} redirects:"
+                    pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -Fn
+                done
+            else
+                check_jail_validity
+                pfctl -a "rdr/${JAIL_NAME}" -Fn
+            fi
            shift
            ;;
        tcp|udp)
            if [ $# -lt 3 ]; then
                usage
+            elif [ $# -eq 3 ]; then
+                check_jail_validity
+                persist_rdr_rule $1 $2 $3
+                load_rdr_rule $1 $2 $3
+                shift 3
+            else
+                case "$4" in
+                    log)
+                        proto=$1
+                        host_port=$2
+                        jail_port=$3
+                        shift 3
+                        if [ $# -gt 3 ]; then
+                            for last in $@; do
+				true
+                            done
+                            if [ $2 == "(" ] && [ $last == ")" ] ; then
+                                check_jail_validity
+                                persist_rdr_log_rule $proto $host_port $jail_port $@
+                                load_rdr_log_rule $proto $host_port $jail_port $@
+                                shift $#
+                            else
+                                usage
+                            fi
+                        elif [ $# -eq 1 ]; then
+                            check_jail_validity
+                            persist_rdr_log_rule $proto $host_port $jail_port $@
+                            load_rdr_log_rule $proto $host_port $jail_port $@
+                            shift 1
+                        else
+                            usage
+                        fi
+                        ;;
+                    *)
+                        usage
+                        ;;
+                esac
            fi
-            persist_rdr_rule $1 $2 $3
-            load_rdr_rule $1 $2 $3
-            shift 3
            ;;
        *)
            usage
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/rename.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/rename.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -76,13 +76,22 @@ update_fstab() {
    # Update fstab to use the new name
    FSTAB_CONFIG="${bastille_jailsdir}/${NEWNAME}/fstab"
    if [ -f "${FSTAB_CONFIG}" ]; then
-        FSTAB_RELEASE=$(grep -owE '([1-9]{2,2})\.[0-9](-RELEASE|-RC[1-2])|([0-9]{1,2}-stable-build-[0-9]{1,3})|(current-build)-([0-9]{1,3})|(current-BUILD-LATEST)|([0-9]{1,2}-stable-BUILD-LATEST)|(current-BUILD-LATEST)' "${FSTAB_CONFIG}")
-        FSTAB_CURRENT=$(grep -w ".*/releases/.*/jails/${TARGET}/root/.bastille" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}")
-        FSTAB_NEWCONF="${bastille_releasesdir}/${FSTAB_RELEASE} ${bastille_jailsdir}/${NEWNAME}/root/.bastille nullfs ro 0 0"
-        if [ -n "${FSTAB_CURRENT}" ] && [ -n "${FSTAB_NEWCONF}" ]; then
-            # If both variables are set, update as needed
-            if ! grep -qw "${bastille_releasesdir}/${FSTAB_RELEASE}.*${bastille_jailsdir}/${NEWNAME}/root/.bastille" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}"; then
-                sed -i '' "s|${FSTAB_CURRENT}|${FSTAB_NEWCONF}|" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}"
+        # Skip if fstab is empty, e.g newly created thick or clone jails
+        if [ -s "${FSTAB_CONFIG}" ]; then
+            FSTAB_RELEASE=$(grep -owE '([1-9]{2,2})\.[0-9](-RELEASE|-RC[1-2])|([0-9]{1,2}-stable-build-[0-9]{1,3})|(current-build)-([0-9]{1,3})|(current-BUILD-LATEST)|([0-9]{1,2}-stable-BUILD-LATEST)|(current-BUILD-LATEST)' "${FSTAB_CONFIG}")
+            FSTAB_CURRENT=$(grep -w ".*/releases/.*/jails/${TARGET}/root/.bastille" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}")
+            FSTAB_NEWCONF="${bastille_releasesdir}/${FSTAB_RELEASE} ${bastille_jailsdir}/${NEWNAME}/root/.bastille nullfs ro 0 0"
+            if [ -n "${FSTAB_CURRENT}" ] && [ -n "${FSTAB_NEWCONF}" ]; then
+                # If both variables are set, update as needed
+                if ! grep -qw "${bastille_releasesdir}/${FSTAB_RELEASE}.*${bastille_jailsdir}/${NEWNAME}/root/.bastille" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}"; then
+                    sed -i '' "s|${FSTAB_CURRENT}|${FSTAB_NEWCONF}|" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}"
+                fi
+            fi
+
+            # Update linuxjail fstab name entries
+            # Search for either linprocfs/linsysfs, if true assume is a linux jail
+            if grep -qwE "linprocfs|linsysfs" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}"; then
+                sed -i '' "s|.${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET}/|${bastille_jailsdir}/${NEWNAME}/|" "${FSTAB_CONFIG}"
            fi
        fi
    fi
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/restart.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/restart.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/service.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/service.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/start.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/start.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ fi

 for _jail in ${JAILS}; do
    ## test if running
-    if [ "$(jls name | awk "/^${_jail}$/")" ]; then
+    if [ "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${_jail}$/")" ]; then
        error_notify "[${_jail}]: Already started."

    ## test if not running
-    elif [ ! "$(jls name | awk "/^${_jail}$/")" ]; then
+    elif [ ! "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${_jail}$/")" ]; then
        # Verify that the configured interface exists. -- cwells
        if [ "$(bastille config $_jail get vnet)" != 'enabled' ]; then
            _interface=$(bastille config $_jail get interface)
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/stop.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/stop.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -48,13 +48,9 @@ fi

 for _jail in ${JAILS}; do
    ## test if running
-    if [ "$(jls name | awk "/^${_jail}$/")" ]; then
-        ## remove ip4.addr from firewall table:jails
-        if [ -n "${bastille_network_loopback}" ]; then
-            if grep -qw "interface.*=.*${bastille_network_loopback}" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/jail.conf"; then
-                pfctl -q -t jails -T delete "$(jls -j ${_jail} ip4.addr)"
-            fi
-        fi
+    if [ "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${_jail}$/")" ]; then
+        ## Capture ip4.addr address while still running
+        _ip="$(/usr/sbin/jls -j ${_jail} ip4.addr)"

        # Check if pfctl is present
        if which -s pfctl; then
@@ -73,6 +69,13 @@ for _jail in ${JAILS}; do
        ## stop container
        info "[${_jail}]:"
        jail -f "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/jail.conf" -r "${_jail}"
+
+        ## remove (captured above) ip4.addr from firewall table:jails
+        if [ -n "${bastille_network_loopback}" -a ! -z "${_ip}" ]; then
+            if grep -qw "interface.*=.*${bastille_network_loopback}" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${_jail}/jail.conf"; then
+                pfctl -q -t jails -T delete "${_ip}"
+            fi
+        fi
    fi
    echo
 done
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/sysrc.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/sysrc.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/template.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/template.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -186,7 +186,11 @@ case ${TEMPLATE} in
        ;;
    */*)
        if [ ! -d "${bastille_templatesdir}/${TEMPLATE}" ]; then
-            error_exit "${TEMPLATE} not found."
+            if [ ! -d ${TEMPLATE} ]; then
+                error_exit "${TEMPLATE} not found."
+            else
+                bastille_template=${TEMPLATE}
+            fi
        fi
        ;;
    *)
@@ -222,9 +226,10 @@ for _jail in ${JAILS}; do
    info "Applying template: ${TEMPLATE}..."

    ## jail-specific variables.
-    bastille_jail_path=$(jls -j "${_jail}" path)
+    bastille_jail_path=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j "${_jail}" path)
    if [ "$(bastille config $TARGET get vnet)" != 'enabled' ]; then
-        _jail_ip=$(jls -j "${_jail}" ip4.addr 2>/dev/null)
+        _jail_ip=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j "${_jail}" ip4.addr 2>/dev/null)
+        _jail_ip6=$(/usr/sbin/jls -j "${_jail}" ip6.addr 2>/dev/null)
        if [ -z "${_jail_ip}" -o "${_jail_ip}" = "-" ]; then
            error_notify "Jail IP not found: ${_jail}"
            _jail_ip='' # In case it was -. -- cwells
@@ -247,7 +252,7 @@ for _jail in ${JAILS}; do

    # Build a list of sed commands like this: -e 's/${username}/root/g' -e 's/${domain}/example.com/g'
    # Values provided by default (without being defined by the user) are listed here. -- cwells
-    ARG_REPLACEMENTS="-e 's/\${JAIL_IP}/${_jail_ip}/g' -e 's/\${JAIL_NAME}/${_jail}/g'"
+    ARG_REPLACEMENTS="-e 's/\${JAIL_IP}/${_jail_ip}/g' -e 's/\${JAIL_IP6}/${_jail_ip6}/g' -e 's/\${JAIL_NAME}/${_jail}/g'"
    # This is parsed outside the HOOKS loop so an ARG file can be used with a Bastillefile. -- cwells
    if [ -s "${bastille_template}/ARG" ]; then
        while read _line; do
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/templates/default/clone/Bastillefile
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/templates/default/clone/Bastillefile
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+ARG BASE_TEMPLATE=default/base
+ARG HOST_RESOLV_CONF=/etc/resolv.conf
+
+INCLUDE ${BASE_TEMPLATE} --arg HOST_RESOLV_CONF="${HOST_RESOLV_CONF}"
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/templates/default/vnet/Bastillefile
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/templates/default/vnet/Bastillefile
@@ -5,9 +5,11 @@ INCLUDE ${BASE_TEMPLATE} --arg HOST_RESOLV_CONF="${HOST_RESOLV_CONF}"

 ARG EPAIR
 ARG GATEWAY
+ARG GATEWAY6
 ARG IFCONFIG="SYNCDHCP"

 SYSRC ifconfig_${EPAIR}_name=vnet0
 SYSRC ifconfig_vnet0="${IFCONFIG}"
 # GATEWAY will be empty for a DHCP config. -- cwells
 CMD if [ -n "${GATEWAY}" ]; then /usr/sbin/sysrc defaultrouter="${GATEWAY}"; fi
+CMD if [ -n "${GATEWAY6}" ]; then /usr/sbin/sysrc ipv6_defaultrouter="${GATEWAY6}"; fi
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/top.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/top.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/umount.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/umount.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/update.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/update.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 . /usr/local/etc/bastille/bastille.conf

 usage() {
-    error_exit "Usage: bastille update [release|container] | [force]"
+    error_exit "Usage: bastille update [release|container|template] | [force]"
 }

 # Handle special-case commands first.
@@ -73,9 +73,16 @@ if freebsd-version | grep -qi HBSD; then
    error_exit "Not yet supported on HardenedBSD."
 fi

+# Check for alternate/unsupported archs
+arch_check() {
+    if echo "${TARGET}" | grep -w "[0-9]\{1,2\}\.[0-9]\-RELEASE\-i386"; then
+        ARCH_I386="1"
+    fi
+}
+
 jail_check() {
    # Check if the jail is thick and is running
-    if [ ! "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+    if [ ! "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
        error_exit "[${TARGET}]: Not started. See 'bastille start ${TARGET}'."
    else
        if grep -qw "${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET}/root/.bastille" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET}/fstab"; then
@@ -103,15 +110,61 @@ jail_update() {
 release_update() {
    # Update a release base(affects child containers)
    if [ -d "${bastille_releasesdir}/${TARGET}" ]; then
+        TARGET_TRIM="${TARGET}"
+        if [ -n "${ARCH_I386}" ]; then
+            TARGET_TRIM=$(echo "${TARGET}" | sed 's/-i386//')
+        fi
+
        env PAGER="/bin/cat" freebsd-update ${OPTION} --not-running-from-cron -b "${bastille_releasesdir}/${TARGET}" \
-        fetch install --currently-running "${TARGET}"
+        fetch install --currently-running "${TARGET_TRIM}"
    else
        error_exit "${TARGET} not found. See 'bastille bootstrap'."
    fi
 }

+template_update() {
+    # Update a template
+    _template_path=${bastille_templatesdir}/${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE}
+    if [ -d $_template_path ]; then
+        info "[${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE}]:"
+        git -C $_template_path pull ||\
+            error_notify "${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE} update unsuccessful."    
+
+        bastille verify "${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE}"
+    else 
+        error_exit "${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE} not found. See 'bastille bootstrap'."
+    fi
+}
+
+templates_update() {
+    # Update all templates
+    _updated_templates=0
+    if [ -d  ${bastille_templatesdir} ]; then
+        for _template_path in $(ls -d ${bastille_templatesdir}/*/*); do
+            if [ -d $_template_path/.git ]; then
+                BASTILLE_TEMPLATE=$(echo "$_template_path" | awk -F / '{ print $(NF-1) "/" $NF }')
+                template_update
+
+                _updated_templates=$((_updated_templates+1))
+            fi
+        done
+    fi
+
+    if [ "$_updated_templates" -ne "0" ]; then
+        info "$_updated_templates templates updated."
+    else 
+        error_exit "no templates found. See 'bastille bootstrap'."
+    fi
+}
+
 # Check what we should update
-if echo "${TARGET}" | grep -q "[0-9]\{2\}.[0-9]-RELEASE"; then
+if [ "${TARGET}" = 'TEMPLATES' ]; then
+    templates_update
+elif echo "${TARGET}" | grep -Eq '^[A-Za-z0-9_-]+/[A-Za-z0-9_-]+$'; then
+    BASTILLE_TEMPLATE="${TARGET}"
+    template_update
+elif echo "${TARGET}" | grep -q "[0-9]\{2\}.[0-9]-RELEASE"; then
+    arch_check
    release_update
 else
    jail_update
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/upgrade.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/upgrade.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ esac

 jail_check() {
    # Check if the jail is thick and is running
-    if [ ! "$(jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
+    if [ ! "$(/usr/sbin/jls name | awk "/^${TARGET}$/")" ]; then
        error_exit "[${TARGET}]: Not started. See 'bastille start ${TARGET}'."
    else
        if grep -qw "${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET}/root/.bastille" "${bastille_jailsdir}/${TARGET}/fstab"; then
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/verify.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/verify.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -51,6 +51,22 @@ verify_release() {
    fi
 }

+handle_template_include() {
+    case ${TEMPLATE_INCLUDE} in
+        http?://*/*/*)
+            bastille bootstrap "${TEMPLATE_INCLUDE}"
+        ;;
+        */*)
+            BASTILLE_TEMPLATE_USER=$(echo "${TEMPLATE_INCLUDE}" | awk -F / '{ print $1 }')
+            BASTILLE_TEMPLATE_REPO=$(echo "${TEMPLATE_INCLUDE}" | awk -F / '{ print $2 }')
+            bastille verify "${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE_USER}/${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE_REPO}"
+        ;;
+        *)
+            error_exit "Template INCLUDE content not recognized."
+    ;;
+    esac
+}
+
 verify_template() {
    _template_path=${bastille_templatesdir}/${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE}
    _hook_validate=0
@@ -75,20 +91,8 @@ verify_template() {
                echo
                while read _include; do
                    info "[${_hook}]:[${_include}]:"
-
-                    case ${_include} in
-                        http?://*/*/*)
-                            bastille bootstrap "${_include}"
-                        ;;
-                        */*)
-                            BASTILLE_TEMPLATE_USER=$(echo "${_include}" | awk -F / '{ print $1 }')
-                            BASTILLE_TEMPLATE_REPO=$(echo "${_include}" | awk -F / '{ print $2 }')
-                            bastille verify "${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE_USER}/${BASTILLE_TEMPLATE_REPO}"
-                        ;;
-                        *)
-                            error_exit "Template INCLUDE content not recognized."
-                    ;;
-                    esac
+                    TEMPLATE_INCLUDE="${_include}"
+                    handle_template_include
                done < "${_path}"

            ## if tree; tree -a bastille_template/_dir
@@ -105,6 +109,18 @@ verify_template() {
                        fi
                    echo
                done < "${_path}"
+            elif [ "${_hook}" = 'Bastillefile' ]; then
+                info "[${_hook}]:"
+                cat "${_path}"
+                while read _line; do
+                    _cmd=$(echo "${_line}" | awk '{print tolower($1);}')
+                    ## if include; recursive verify
+                    if [ "${_cmd}" = 'include' ]; then
+                        TEMPLATE_INCLUDE=$(echo "${_line}" | awk '{print $2;}')
+                        handle_template_include
+                    fi
+                done < "${_path}"
+                echo
            else
                info "[${_hook}]:"
                cat "${_path}"
--- a/usr/local/share/bastille/zfs.sh
+++ b/usr/local/share/bastille/zfs.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2018-2021, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
+# Copyright (c) 2018-2022, Christer Edwards <christer.edwards@gmail.com>
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without